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Sabuncu M, Dulger Altıner D, Sahan Y. In vitro biological activity and nutritional evaluation of purple potato (Solanum tuberosum L. var. Vitelotte). BMC Chem 2025; 19:116. [PMID: 40317061 PMCID: PMC12048974 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-025-01484-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2025] [Indexed: 05/04/2025] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to produce functional flour from purple potatoes, which are relatively less known and have limited usage. Purple potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L. var. Vitelotte) and yellow potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) used in this study were cultivated in Türkiye. The purple potato flour (PPF) displayed higher values across various parameters, including total phenolic compounds, total flavonoids, total anthocyanins, antioxidant capacity, phenolic content, as well as in-vitro biological activities such as bioaccessibility, anti-diabetic activities, and anti-inflammatory properties, compared to the yellow potato flour (YPF). The mineral content ranking for both flour samples was K > P > Na > Mg > Ca > Fe > Zn > Mn > Cu > Se. The predominant phenolic compounds in PPF were chlorogenic acid, D-( +) malic acid, ferulic acid, and succinic acid. The compounds from anthocyanins found in purple vegetables and fruits, including malvidin chloride, cyanidin chloride, and cyanin chloride, were identified in PPF. PPF exhibited an average in-vitro bioaccessibility of 60%, whereas YPF demonstrated a slightly lower value of 48%. Regarding their in-vitro anti-diabetic activities, PPF showcased an α-amylase inhibition rate averaging 51.67% and an α-glucosidase inhibition rate at 36.22%. As a result of the study, it was observed that purple potato flour was a rich source of total phenolic content, dietary fiber, minerals, antioxidants, and anthocyanins. Considering its gluten-free nature, this functional flour is considered a potential alternative flour source for individuals with celiac disease, opening up new possibilities for various applications in our daily nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merve Sabuncu
- Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Department of Food Engineering, Bursa Uludag University, Görükle, Bursa, Türkiye
| | - Dilek Dulger Altıner
- Tourism Faculty, Department of Gastronomy and Culinary Arts, Kocaeli University, Kartepe, Kocaeli, Türkiye.
| | - Yasemin Sahan
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Food Engineering, Bursa Uludag University, Görükle, Bursa, Türkiye
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Koufan M, Choukrane B, Mazri MA. Structure-Function Relationships and Health-Promoting Properties of the Main Nutraceuticals of the Cactus Pear ( Opuntia spp.) Cladodes: A Review. Molecules 2024; 29:4732. [PMID: 39407660 PMCID: PMC11477999 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29194732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2024] [Revised: 09/25/2024] [Accepted: 10/05/2024] [Indexed: 10/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade, several studies have established a direct link between functional foods, nutraceuticals, and a reduced risk of oxidative-stress-related diseases. Nutraceuticals, which encompass a variety of bioactive molecules, exhibit both nutritional and therapeutic properties. The cactus pear (Opuntia spp.) is a plant genus with many species recognized as functional foods, largely attributed to their high content of nutraceuticals, including polyphenols, fatty acids, vitamins, amino acids, pigments, and phytosterols. These compounds of different structures and functions possess different biological activities, contributing to the health-promoting properties of cactus pear. This makes cactus pears a valuable plant for the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries. While extensive research has focused on the nutritional profile of cactus pear fruits, the cladodes have received comparatively limited attention. Notably, the nutritional composition of cladodes can exhibit considerable variability, influenced by species and growing conditions. Furthermore, although various bioactive compounds have been identified in cladodes, studies elucidating their mechanisms of action, health benefits, and potential therapeutic applications remain insufficient. Addressing these gaps is crucial for enhancing the understanding and utilization of cactus pear cladodes. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the structure-function relationships of the main nutraceuticals found in cactus pear cladodes. It synthesizes data from recent and relevant literature to elucidate the content of these compounds in relation to species and geographical origin, while also detailing the main biological activities and health-promoting benefits associated with cactus pear cladodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meriyem Koufan
- Natural Resources and Local Products Research Unit, Regional Center of Agricultural Research of Agadir, National Institute of Agricultural Research, Avenue Ennasr, BP 415 Rabat Principale, Rabat 10090, Morocco
| | - Basma Choukrane
- Plant Breeding and Quality Research Unit, Regional Center of Agricultural Research of Marrakech, National Institute of Agricultural Research, Avenue Ennasr, BP 415 Rabat Principale, Rabat 10090, Morocco;
| | - Mouaad Amine Mazri
- Agro-Biotechnology Research Unit, Regional Center of Agricultural Research of Marrakech, National Institute of Agricultural Research, Avenue Ennasr, BP 415 Rabat Principale, Rabat 10090, Morocco
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Adjafre BL, Lima IC, Alves APNN, Lessa RA, Cunha AP, Pereira MG, Assreuy AMS, Mota MRL. Anti-inflammatory and healing effect of the polysaccharidic extract of Opuntia ficus-indica cladodes in cutaneous excisional wounds in rats. Int J Exp Pathol 2024; 105:33-44. [PMID: 37991201 PMCID: PMC10797432 DOI: 10.1111/iep.12498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory and wound healing effects of the polysaccharide extract from Opuntia ficus-indica cladodes (TPL-Ofi) using a rat cutaneous wound model. After anaesthesia, four 7-mm-diameter dorsal wounds per animal (n = 6/group for each experimental day of evaluation) were created in female Wistar rats using a surgical punch. The animals were treated topically twice daily with TPL-Ofi (0.01-1%; treated group) or sterile saline (control group) for a period of 21 days. Ulcerated tissue was collected for analysis of histological parameters (inflammation score, number of polymorphonuclear, mononuclear, fibroblast/myofibroblasts and blood vessels), immunohistochemical (fibroblast growth factor 2 [FGF-2]) and oxidative stress markers (myeloperoxidase [MPO] and glutathione [GSH]). After 21 days of treatment, body weight, net organ weight and plasma biochemical levels were measured. TPL-Ofi, containing a total carbohydrate content of 65.5% and uronic acid at 2.8%, reduced oedema on the second day and increased the nociceptive threshold on the second and third days. TPL-Ofi reduced mononuclear infiltrate on the second and MPO activity on the fifth day. TPL-Ofi increased GSH levels on the second day, as well as fibroblast/myofibroblasts counts, neoangiogenesis and FGF-2 levels on the fifth and seventh days. No changes were observed in body weight, net organ weight or toxicology assessment. Topical application of TPL-Ofi exhibited anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects, ultimately improving wound healing in cutaneous wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Lima Adjafre
- Superior Institute of Biomedical SciencesState University of CearáFortalezaBrazil
| | - Iásly Costa Lima
- Superior Institute of Biomedical SciencesState University of CearáFortalezaBrazil
| | | | - Rafael Aires Lessa
- Faculty of Education, Sciences and Letters of Sertão CentralState University of CearáQuixadáBrazil
| | | | - Maria Gonçalves Pereira
- Faculty of Education, Sciences and Letters of Sertão CentralState University of CearáQuixadáBrazil
| | | | - Mário Rogério Lima Mota
- Department of Dental Clinic, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and NursingFederal University of CearáFortalezaBrazil
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Martins M, Ribeiro MH, Almeida CMM. Physicochemical, Nutritional, and Medicinal Properties of Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill. and Its Main Agro-Industrial Use: A Review. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1512. [PMID: 37050137 PMCID: PMC10096643 DOI: 10.3390/plants12071512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The cactus, Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill. (OFI) belongs to the Cactaceae family, which contains about 130 genera and nearly 1600 species. This review aims to evaluate this plant from several perspectives, namely, botanic, physicochemical, nutritional, and medicinal properties, as well as agro-industrial use. The botanical aspects and morphological characteristics of OFI enable genetic variability, ecological adaptation, and broad geographic distribution. Due to its physicochemical and nutritional composition, it has several medicinal properties appropriate (or suitable) for several industries, such as pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetics. Its fruit, the prickly pear (PP), has potential agro-industrial expansion through the application of different conservation and transformation methods, making it possible to obtain a variety of products. The PP is a source of several nutrients and is an effective system to produce varied foods, which have several advantages from a nutritional, sensory, economic, and shelf-life point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Martins
- Laboratory of Bromatology and Water Quality, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 2, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - Maria H. Ribeiro
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - Cristina M. M. Almeida
- Laboratory of Bromatology and Water Quality, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 2, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal;
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal;
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Giraldo-Silva L, Ferreira B, Rosa E, Dias ACP. Opuntia ficus-indica Fruit: A Systematic Review of Its Phytochemicals and Pharmacological Activities. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12030543. [PMID: 36771630 PMCID: PMC9919935 DOI: 10.3390/plants12030543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The use of Opuntia ficus-indica fruits in the agro-food sector is increasing for a multiplicity of players. This renewed interest is, in part, due to its organoleptic characteristics, nutritional value and health benefits. Furthermore, industries from different sectors intend to make use of its vast array of metabolites to be used in different fields. This trend represents an economic growth opportunity for several partners who could find new opportunities exploring non-conventional fruits, and such is the case for Opuntia ficus-indica. O. ficus-indica originates from Mexico, belongs to the Cactaceae family and is commonly known as opuntia, prickly pear or cactus pear. The species produces flowers, cladodes and fruits that are consumed either in raw or in processed products. Recent publications described that consumption of the fruit improves human health, exhibiting antioxidant activity and other relevant pharmacological activities through enzymatic and non-enzymatic mechanisms. Thus, we provide a systematic, scientific and rational review for researchers, consumers and other relevant stakeholders regarding the chemical composition and biological activities of O. ficus-indica fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Giraldo-Silva
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Bárbara Ferreira
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Eduardo Rosa
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Alberto C. P. Dias
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
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Development of Bioactive Opuntia ficus-indica Edible Films Containing Probiotics as a Coating for Fresh-Cut Fruit. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14225018. [PMID: 36433145 PMCID: PMC9693271 DOI: 10.3390/polym14225018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioactive edible films have received more attention in recent years as a method for food preservation with value-added functions. The aim of this study was to develop a bioactive edible film containing mucilage of cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica) and incorporating the probiotic strain Enterococcus faecium FM11-2 as an active component to promote consumer health benefits. Opuntia ficus-indica is rich in nutritional and bioactive compounds and the abundance of this cactus makes it attractive for food applications. Mucilage of Opuntia ficus-indica contained 0.47 ± 0.06 mg/g total sugar, 0.33 ± 0.06 mg AGE/mL phenolic content, 0.14 mg/ mL vitamin C, and possessed 35.51 ± 1.88% DPPH scavenging activity. The edible film that was developed exhibited the following characteristics: thickness of 0.02-0.11 mm, percent moisture content 0.19-0.24%, water solubility 30.66-59.41% and water vapor permeability of 0.15-1.5 g·mm/m2·min·kpa, while the range of the variation depended on the type of plasticizer used (either sorbitol or glycerol). The addition of sorbitol in the film provided the maximum mechanical strength based on the evaluation of tensile strength, Young's modulus and elongation at break (44.71 ± 0.78 MPa, 113.22 ± 0.23 MPa and 39.47 ± 0.61%, respectively). The optimal formulation of the edible film, according to the physicochemical, physical and maintenance of fresh-cut apple slices, contained cactus mucilage, gelatin, glycerol and a probiotic. The incorporation of a probiotic into the cactus film created a bioactive edible film that could provide a health benefit. While improvement is needed to maintain the survival rate of the probiotic, this work presents an exciting method for furthering the study of food preservation with edible films.
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Madrigal-Santillán E, Portillo-Reyes J, Madrigal-Bujaidar E, Sánchez-Gutiérrez M, Izquierdo-Vega JA, Izquierdo-Vega J, Delgado-Olivares L, Vargas-Mendoza N, Álvarez-González I, Morales-González Á, Morales-González JA. Opuntia spp. in Human Health: A Comprehensive Summary on Its Pharmacological, Therapeutic and Preventive Properties. Part 2. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:2333. [PMID: 36145735 PMCID: PMC9505094 DOI: 10.3390/plants11182333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Plants of the genus Opuntia spp are widely distributed in Africa, Asia, Australia and America. Specifically, Mexico has the largest number of wild species; mainly O. streptacantha, O. hyptiacantha, O. albicarpa, O. megacantha and O. ficus-indica. The latter being the most cultivated and domesticated species. Its main bioactive compounds include pigments (carotenoids, betalains and betacyanins), vitamins, flavonoids (isorhamnetin, kaempferol, quercetin) and phenolic compounds. Together, they favor the different plant parts and are considered phytochemically important and associated with control, progression and prevention of some chronic and infectious diseases. Part 1 collected information on its preventive actions against atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and obesity, hepatoprotection, effects on human infertility and chemopreventive capacity. Now, this second review (Part 2), compiles the data from published research (in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies) on its neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, antiulcerative, antimicrobial, antiviral potential and in the treatment of skin wounds. The aim of both reviews is to provide scientific evidences of its beneficial properties and to encourage health professionals and researchers to expand studies on the pharmacological and therapeutic effects of Opuntia spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Madrigal-Santillán
- Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, “Unidad Casco de Santo Tomas”, Ciudad de México 11340, Mexico
| | - Jacqueline Portillo-Reyes
- Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, “Unidad Casco de Santo Tomas”, Ciudad de México 11340, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Madrigal-Bujaidar
- Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, “Unidad Profesional A. López Mateos”, Ciudad de México 07738, Mexico
| | - Manuel Sánchez-Gutiérrez
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Ex-Hacienda de la Concepción, Tilcuautla, Pachuca de Soto 42080, Mexico
| | - Jeannett A. Izquierdo-Vega
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Ex-Hacienda de la Concepción, Tilcuautla, Pachuca de Soto 42080, Mexico
| | - Julieta Izquierdo-Vega
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Ex-Hacienda de la Concepción, Tilcuautla, Pachuca de Soto 42080, Mexico
| | - Luis Delgado-Olivares
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Ex-Hacienda de la Concepción, Tilcuautla, Pachuca de Soto 42080, Mexico
| | - Nancy Vargas-Mendoza
- Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, “Unidad Casco de Santo Tomas”, Ciudad de México 11340, Mexico
| | - Isela Álvarez-González
- Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, “Unidad Profesional A. López Mateos”, Ciudad de México 07738, Mexico
| | - Ángel Morales-González
- Escuela Superior de Cómputo, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, “Unidad Profesional A. López Mateos”, Ciudad de México 07738, Mexico
| | - José A. Morales-González
- Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, “Unidad Casco de Santo Tomas”, Ciudad de México 11340, Mexico
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HPLC Analysis and the Antioxidant and Preventive Actions of Opuntia stricta Juice Extract against Hepato-Nephrotoxicity and Testicular Injury Induced by Cadmium Exposure. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27154972. [PMID: 35956921 PMCID: PMC9370727 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27154972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Opuntia stricta is a rich source of phenolic compounds. This species generally has strong antioxidant activities in vitro and in vivo. This study aimed to analyze the antioxidant properties of phenolic compounds isolated from Opuntia stricta, including its radical scavenging activities and preventive action against Cd-induced oxidative stress in rats. To assess the protection of prickly pear juice extract (PPJE) against Cd-induced hepato-nephrotoxicity and testicular damage, male albino rats received PPJE (250 mg kg−1) and/or Cd (1 mg kg−1) by oral administration and injection, respectively, for five consecutive weeks. The preventive action of PPJE was estimated using biochemical markers of kidney and liver tissues, antioxidant status, and histological examinations. In the present study, the lipid peroxidation, protein carbonyls, antioxidant status, and metallothionein levels were determined in different tissues. The chromatographic analysis indicated that PPJE extract is very rich in phenolic compounds such as verbascoside, catechin hydrate, and oleuropein. Our results showed that PPJE-treated rats had significantly (p < 0.05) decreased Cd levels in liver and kidney tissues. In addition, the administration of PPJE induced a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in lipid peroxidation of 30.5, 54.54, and 40.8 in the liver, kidney, and testicle, respectively, and an increase in antioxidant status in these tissues. Additionally, PPJE showed a strong ability to protect renal, hepatic, and testicular architectures against Cd exposure. This study revealed that PPJE protects against the toxic effects of Cd, possibly through its free radical scavenging and antioxidant activities.
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Pharmacological assessment of the heartwood of Acacia raddiana Willd for antifungal potential. MATERIALS TODAY. PROCEEDINGS 2022; 62:5230-5234. [PMID: 35311216 PMCID: PMC8919969 DOI: 10.1016/j.matpr.2022.03.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
As COVID-19 suppresses the immune system and those who have recovered from COVID-19 are at risk of developing mucormycosis or black fungus so there is a need to develop new antifungal strategies by the use of medicinal plants. Medicinal plants have always been a subject of interest for drug discovery, ethno-botany, traditional and indigenous medicines. One of the successful strategies for the investigation of new bioactive compounds from medicinal plants includes the screening of plant extract, fractions followed by the purification of the constituents and screening for biological activity. In the present study, the heartwood of desert plant Acacia raddiana Willd was screened for antifungal activity by Agar-well diffusion method against Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Candida albicans, Penicillium chrysogenum and Trichophyton rubrum. The result obtained shows that heartwood extract and their fractions serve as an effective agent against selected fungi and efficiency is dependent upon the nature of fraction and vary with respect to specific fungi. The extract and fractions shows a wide antifungal potential against C. albicans. The findings suggest that the medicinal plant under investigation might be a reasonable solution for fungal infections especially against C. albicans.
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Magaña-Cerino JM, Guzmán TJ, Soto-Luna IC, Betanzos-Cabrera G, Gurrola-Díaz CM. Cladodes from Nopalea cochenillifera (L.) Salm-Dyck (Cactaceae) attenuate postprandial glycaemia without markedly influencing α-glucosidase activity. Nat Prod Res 2022; 36:1105-1108. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1851223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Miguel Magaña-Cerino
- Instituto de Investigación en Enfermedades Crónico-Degenerativas, Instituto Transdisciplinar de Investigación e Innovación en Salud, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Tereso Jovany Guzmán
- Instituto de Investigación en Enfermedades Crónico-Degenerativas, Instituto Transdisciplinar de Investigación e Innovación en Salud, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Irma Catalina Soto-Luna
- Instituto de Investigación en Enfermedades Crónico-Degenerativas, Instituto Transdisciplinar de Investigación e Innovación en Salud, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Gabriel Betanzos-Cabrera
- Área Académica de Nutrición y Toxicología Clínica, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Ex-Hacienda de la Concepción, Tilcuautla, Pachuca de Soto, Hidalgo, México
| | - Carmen Magdalena Gurrola-Díaz
- Instituto de Investigación en Enfermedades Crónico-Degenerativas, Instituto Transdisciplinar de Investigación e Innovación en Salud, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
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Effect of alkali treatment and coupling agent on thermal and mechanical properties of Opuntia ficus-indica cladodes fibers reinforced HDPE composites. Polym Bull (Berl) 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-021-03619-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Bakar B, Çakmak M, Ibrahim MS, Özer D, Saydam S, Karatas F. Investigation of Amounts of Vitamins, Lycopene, and Elements in the Fruits of Opuntia ficus-indica Subjected to Different Pretreatments. Biol Trace Elem Res 2020; 198:315-323. [PMID: 31965423 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02050-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
In this study, Opuntia ficus-indica fruit was examined in fresh, frozen, sun-dried, and microwave-dried. Analysis of the vitamins in the samples was performed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The amount of selenium in the fruits was determined by fluorescence spectrophotometer, while copper, iron, manganese, and zinc were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). Amount of vitamins in the fruit of Opuntia ficus-indica were decreased (p < 0.005) in sun- and microwave-dried samples in comparison with fresh sample. Decrease of vitamins in frozen fruits was statistically insignificant compared with fresh fruit (p > 0.05). The amounts of selenium, copper, iron, manganese, and zinc in Opuntia ficus-indica fruit were found to be 0.38 ± 0.03, 23.84 ± 1.82, 94.32 ± 7.04, 13.68 ± 0.88, and 188.44 ± 15.16 μg/g dw, respectively. It can be concluded that the fruit of Opuntia ficus-indica is rich in vitamin E, lycopene, ascorbic acid, nicotine amide, folic acid, iron, and zinc. The most suitable preservation techniques for Opuntia ficus-indica fruits are freezing to consume it in all season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Büşra Bakar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Firat University, 23119, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Meltem Çakmak
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Firat University, 23119, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Muhammad Salihu Ibrahim
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Fırat University, Elazig, Turkey
- Department of Science Laboratory Technology, School of Technology, Kano State Polytechnic, Kano, Nigeria
| | - Dursun Özer
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Firat University, 23119, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Sinan Saydam
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Fırat University, Elazig, Turkey.
| | - Fikret Karatas
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Fırat University, Elazig, Turkey
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Han EH, Lim MK, Lee S, Lee SH, Yun SM, Yu HJ, Ryu SH, Lim YH. Efficacy of Ethanolic Extract of Opuntia ficus-indica var. saboten Stems for Improving Cognitive Function in Elderly Subjects 55-85 Years of Age: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study. J Med Food 2020; 23:1146-1154. [PMID: 33006504 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2019.4678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Many natural compounds have been reported to improve cognitive function in cell- and animal-based studies. In this clinical trial, we evaluated the efficacy of ethanolic extract of Opuntia ficus-indica var. saboten stem for improving cognitive function using a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial (n = 81) in aged people. After 12 weeks of administration of OFE (a mixture of ethanolic extract of O. ficus-indica var. Saboten stem and dextrin) or placebo, the effect on cognitive function was assessed. Overall, OFE did not show a significant difference from the placebo in terms of efficacy. However, the cognitive function significantly improved in the OFE group compared with the placebo group in the subgroup ≤70 years of age, which means that the effect of OFE administration exhibits an age-dependent effect. In addition, the safety of OFE was confirmed by analyzing blood test results, vital signs, and electrocardiograms. In conclusion, OFE administration in participants ≤70 years of age shows a positive effect on overall cognitive function. The trial was registered on CRIS (the Clinical Research Information Service), administered by the Korea Centers for Disease Control & Prevention (Registration Number: KCT0003766; URL: https://cris.nih.go.kr/cris/en/search/search_result_st01.jsp?seq=12957).
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Hye Han
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Sciences, College of Health Science, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,R&D Center, Koreaeundan Healthcare Co., Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Kyung Lim
- R&D Center, Koreaeundan Co., Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyeon Lee
- R&D Center, Koreaeundan Healthcare Co., Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.,Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Ho Lee
- R&D Center, Koreaeundan Healthcare Co., Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Min Yun
- R&D Center, Koreaeundan Healthcare Co., Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Heui-Jong Yu
- R&D Center, SK Bioland Co, Ltd., Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Ho Ryu
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Hee Lim
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Sciences, College of Health Science, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Public Health Science (Brain Korea 21 PLUS program), Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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14
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Kumar D, Sharma PK. A Review on Opuntia Species and its Chemistry, Pharmacognosy, Pharmacology and Bioapplications. CURRENT NUTRITION & FOOD SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1573401316666200220092414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Opuntia species, locally known as prickly pear was used for various purposes
as food, medicine, beverage, source of dye and animal food. Many studies have revealed its pharmacology
activity from time to time. This review is a collection of chemistry, pharmacognosy,
pharmacology and bioapplications of the cactus family.
Methods:
Many sources were used to collect information about Opuntia species such as Pub med,
Google scholar, Agris, science direct, Embase, Merk index, Wiley online library, books and other reliable
sources. This review contains studies from 1812 to 2019.
Results:
The plants from the cactus family offer various pharmacological active compounds including
phenolic compounds, carotenoids, betalains, vitamins, steroids, sugar, amino acids, minerals and
fibers. These bioactive compounds serve various pharmacological activities such as anticancer, antiviral,
anti-diabetic, Neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, Hepatoprotective, antibacterial,
antiulcer and alcohol hangover. According to various studies, Opuntia species offer many bioapplications
such as fodder for animal, soil erosion, prevention, human consumption and waste water decontamination.
Finally, different parts of plants are used in various formulations that offer many biotechnology
applications.
Conclusion:
Different parts of Opuntia plant (fruits, seeds, flowers and cladodes) are used in various
health problems which include wound healing, anti-inflammatory and urinary tract infection from
ancient times. Nowadays, researches have extended several pharmacological and therapeutic uses of
Opuntia species as discussed in this review. Many in-vitro and in-vivo models are also discussed in
this review as the proofs of research findings. Various research gaps have been observed in current
studies that require attention in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharmendra Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Galgotias University, Buddha International Circuit, Sector 17A, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 203201, India
| | - Pramod K. Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Galgotias University, Buddha International Circuit, Sector 17A, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 203201, India
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Koshak AE, Abdallah HM, Esmat A, Rateb ME. Anti-inflammatory Activity and Chemical Characterisation of Opuntia ficus-indica Seed Oil Cultivated in Saudi Arabia. ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13369-020-04555-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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16
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Benattia FK, Arrar Z, Dergal F, Khabbal Y. Pharmaco-Analytical Study and Phytochemical Profile of Hydroethanolic Extract of Algerian Prickly Pear (Opuntia ficus-indica.L). Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2019; 20:696-706. [PMID: 31258077 DOI: 10.2174/1389201020666190620113129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND "Opuntia ficus-indica" (prickly pear) is the cactus member of the Cactaceae family as an important nutrient and food source. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to characterize the phytochemical composition of hydroalcoholic extract of prickly pear seeds that cause therapeutic effects. METHODS Phytochemical screening based on simple tests and determination of secondary metabolites were performed by High-Performance Liquid with Diode-Array Detection (HPLC-DAD) analysis. For the pharmacological studies, the anti-inflammatory activity in rats was evaluated by carrageenaninduced inflammation, the description of the sedative activity was carried to the following behavioural tests, and the analgesic effect of the extract was assessed by the resistance induced by acetic acid, and the tail immersion test in mice. RESULTS The test drug at 500 mg/kg dose showed a significant increase in mean latency in the TAIL FLICK test, and a decrease in the average number of twisting movements in the KOSTER test, thus, a significant anti-inflammatory activity in the pattern of paw edema induced by carrageenan, and an important sedative effect on the central nervous system. CONCLUSION These data suggest that the seeds of the cactus "Opuntia ficus-indica" could be a potential source of natural compound and reveal that the hydroethanolic extract of this species is a promising source, as well as a therapeutic agent for the research of new natural active ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah K Benattia
- Department of Chemistry Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Natural Products and Analysis (COSNA), University of Tlemcen, P.O. Box 119 Tlemcen 13000, Algeria
| | - Zoheir Arrar
- Department of Chemistry Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Natural Products and Analysis (COSNA), University of Tlemcen, P.O. Box 119 Tlemcen 13000, Algeria
| | - Fayçal Dergal
- Center for Scientific and Technical Research in Physico-Chemical Analysis (C.R.A.P.C) BP 384, Industrial Zone Bou-Ismail PO Box 42004, Tipaza, Algeria
| | - Youssef Khabbal
- Department of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Ibn Zohr BP 32/S, PO Box 80000 Agadir, Morocco
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17
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Benattia FK, Arrar Z, Dergal F. Chemical Composition and Nutritional Analysis of Seeds Cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica.L). CURRENT NUTRITION & FOOD SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1573401314666171228151651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:The Prickly pear "Opuntia ficus-indica" is a xerophytic plant of the Cactaceae family, which represents a gold mine, can be exploited in several sectors.Objective:The present study describes and provides basic information on the physico-chemical properties, mineral and lipid compositions of the cactus seeds from Algeria (Relizane), in order to evaluate the nutritional value of the Opuntia extracts.Methods:The seed oil was extracted by soxhlet, and analyzed by GC-MS the physical properties were determined using standard methods of Association of Analytical Communities (AOAC).Results:The cactus powder and its seeds showed a content of 6.42% in lipids and 91.24% in ashes. Freshly extracted oil showed acid and peroxide values respectively 2.66 mg (KOH)g and 1.5Meq (O2)/Kg. Iodine and saponification values were 199.5 g (I2)/100 g and 181.44 mg (KOH)/g respectively. Main fatty acids identified by GC-MS were linoleic (C18:2), oleic (C18:1), palmitic (C16:0), palmitoleic (C16:1) and stearic (C18:0) acids with respective contents 60.23%, 13.35%, 14.20%, 1.05 and 3.12%. Mineral analysis revealed significant levels of calcium and potassium namely 72 and 3.50mg/100g respectively, and they contain no trace of the toxic compounds (lead and cadmium).Conclusion:The nopal fruit represents a very important nutritional value. This plant is far from being a simple cactus, it is a source of immense wealth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah K. Benattia
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Natural Products and Analysis (COSNA), University of Tlemcen, P.O. Box 119, Tlemcen 13000, Algeria
| | - Zoheir Arrar
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Natural Products and Analysis (COSNA), University of Tlemcen, P.O. Box 119, Tlemcen 13000, Algeria
| | - Fayçal Dergal
- Center for Scientific and Technical Research in Physico-Chemical Analysis (C.R.A.P.C), BP 384, Industrial Zone Bou-Ismail, P.O. Box 42004, Tipaza, Algeria
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18
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Gomez-Flores R, Quintanilla-Licea R, Hernández-Martínez HC, Samaniego-Escamilla M, Tamez-Guerra P, Monreal-Cuevas E, Tamez-Guerra R, Rodriguez-Padilla C. Survival of Lymphoma-Bearing Mice by Pachycereus marginatus Cactus Extracts and Elucidation of Bioactive Compounds. Nat Prod Commun 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x19845814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide and commonly becomes resistant to chemotherapy, therefore, it is important to search for and evaluate novel sources of nontoxic antitumor agents. The cactus Pachycereus marginatus is native to Mexico and is traditionally recommended to treat gastrointestinal infections. Tumor-bearing mice survival, liver function, and histopathology by P. marginatus extracts and the in vitro effects of isolated compounds lophenol, β-sitosterol, and palmitic acid were investigated, using the L5178Y-R lymphoma murine model. In vivo oral administration of the aqueous partition at 0.5 mg/kg caused 60% survival at 60 days, without altering liver parenchyma and enzymes, as compared with 40% survival induced by vincristine (0.05 mg/kg), and no survival of tumor-bearing mice without treatment. Furthermore, P. marginatus n-hexane extract, lophenol, β-sitosterol, and palmitic acid compounds caused up to 89%, 73%, and 83% in vitro cytotoxicity to L5178Y-R cells, respectively. These results may support the evaluation of P. marginatus extracts and bioactive compounds in clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Gomez-Flores
- Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Laboratorio de Inmunología y Virología, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, Mexico
| | | | - Humberto Carlos Hernández-Martínez
- Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Laboratorio de Inmunología y Virología, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, Mexico
| | | | - Patricia Tamez-Guerra
- Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Laboratorio de Inmunología y Virología, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, Mexico
| | - Enriqueta Monreal-Cuevas
- Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Laboratorio de Inmunología y Virología, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, Mexico
| | - Reyes Tamez-Guerra
- Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Laboratorio de Inmunología y Virología, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, Mexico
| | - Cristina Rodriguez-Padilla
- Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Laboratorio de Inmunología y Virología, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, Mexico
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19
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Shirazinia R, Rahimi VB, Kehkhaie AR, Sahebkar A, Rakhshandeh H, Askari VR. Opuntia dillenii: A Forgotten Plant with Promising Pharmacological Properties. J Pharmacopuncture 2019; 22:16-27. [PMID: 30988997 PMCID: PMC6461298 DOI: 10.3831/kpi.2019.22.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Generative and vegetative parts of the cactuses have had a long-lasting position in folk medicine and their effects could partly be confirmed in scientific experiments. Nowadays, the cactus, fruits, and cladodes are the focus of many studies because of their desirable properties. Therefore, the summarized reports of valuable properties of medicinal plants may be a good way to familiarize researches with a new source of drugs with lower side effects and higher efficacy. Opuntia dillenii, a well-known member of the Cactaceae family, is used as a medicinal plant in various countries and grows in the desert, semi-desert, tropical and sub-tropical areas. It shows diverse pharmacological activities such as: antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, hypotensive etc. OD fruit also possesses valuable constitutes for instance: betalains, ascorbic acid, total phenol, protein as well as essential elements which suggest the significant potential of this plant as a complementary therapy against several pathological conditions. This review describes experimental evidence about pharmacological and therapeutic potential of OD in order to give the basis of its application in the prevention and treatment of some chronic diseases. More studies on OD can help better understanding of its pharmacological mechanism of action to explain its traditional uses and to identify its potential new therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Shirazinia
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vafa Baradaran Rahimi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hassan Rakhshandeh
- Student Research Committee, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Vahid Reza Askari
- Student Research Committee, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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20
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Kwon Y, Liao Y, Koo B, Bae H, Zhang J, Han EH, Yun SM, Lim MK, Lee SH, Jung SY, Ryu JH. Ethanolic Extract of Opuntia ficus-indica var. saboten Ameliorates Cognitive Dysfunction Induced by Cholinergic Blockade in Mice. J Med Food 2018; 21:971-978. [PMID: 30044674 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2017.4131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The stem of Opuntia ficus-indica var. saboten is edible and has been used as a medicinal herb on Jeju Island in Korea. We previously reported that the butanolic extract of O. ficus-indica var. saboten exerts the enhancement of long-term memory in mice. However, the antiamnesic effects of O. ficus-indica var. saboten and its mode of action has not been clearly elucidated. In the present study, we explored the effects of the ethanolic extract of stems of O. ficus-indica var. saboten (EOFS) on cognitive performance in mouse and attempted to delineate its mechanism of action. We used the passive avoidance, Y-maze, and novel object recognition tests to assess its effects on cognitive functions in scopolamine-induced memory-impaired mice. We observed that EOFS (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg) ameliorated scopolamine-induced cognitive dysfunction. We also explored its mechanism of action by conducting an acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity assay using the mouse whole brain and Western blot using the mouse hippocampal tissue. Western blot analysis and the ex vivo study revealed that EOFS increased the levels of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase and cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) and the levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression in the hippocampus. It also inhibited AChE activity in the brain. Our findings suggest that EOFS would be useful for the treatment of cholinergic blockade-induced cognitive dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubeen Kwon
- 1 Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.,2 Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee East-West Pharmaceutical Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University , Seoul, Korea
| | - Yulan Liao
- 1 Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.,2 Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee East-West Pharmaceutical Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University , Seoul, Korea
| | - Bokyung Koo
- 1 Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.,2 Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee East-West Pharmaceutical Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University , Seoul, Korea
| | - Hojung Bae
- 1 Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.,2 Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee East-West Pharmaceutical Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University , Seoul, Korea
| | - Jiabao Zhang
- 1 Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.,2 Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee East-West Pharmaceutical Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University , Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Hye Han
- 3 R&D Center, Koreaeundan Co. LTD. , Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Su Min Yun
- 3 R&D Center, Koreaeundan Co. LTD. , Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Mi Kyung Lim
- 3 R&D Center, Koreaeundan Co. LTD. , Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Sang Ho Lee
- 3 R&D Center, Koreaeundan Co. LTD. , Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - Seo Yun Jung
- 1 Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Hoon Ryu
- 1 Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.,2 Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee East-West Pharmaceutical Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University , Seoul, Korea
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21
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Rtibi K, Selmi S, Grami D, Amri M, Sebai H, Marzouki L. Opposite Effect of Opuntia ficus-indica L. Juice Depending on Fruit Maturity Stage on Gastrointestinal Physiological Parameters in Rat. J Med Food 2018; 21:617-624. [PMID: 29489444 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2017.0121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The phytochemical composition and the effect of the green and ripe Opuntia ficus-indica juice on some gastrointestinal (GI) physiological parameters such as stomach emptying and small-intestinal motility and permeability were determined in rats administered multiple concentrations of the prickly pear juice (5, 10, and 20 mL kg-1, b.w., p.o.). Other separate groups of rats were received, respectively; sodium chloride (0.9%, b.w., p.o.), clonidine (α-2-adrenergic agonist, 1 mg kg-1, b.w., i.p.), yohimbine (α-2-adrenergic antagonist, 2 mg kg-1, b.w., i.p.), and loperamide (5 mg kg-1, b.w., p.o.). In vivo reverse effect of juice on GI physiological parameters was investigated using a charcoal meal test, phenol-red colorimetric method, loperamide-induced acute constipation, and castor oil-caused small-bowel hypersecretion. However, the opposite in vitro influence of juice on intestinal permeability homeostasis was assessed by the Ussing chamber system. Mature prickly pear juice administration stimulated significantly and dose dependently the GI transit (GIT; 8-26%) and gastric emptying (0.9-11%) in a rat model. Conversely, the immature prickly pear juice reduced gastric emptying (7-23%), GIT (10-28%), and diarrhea (59-88%). Moreover, the standard drugs have produced their antagonistic effects on GI physiological functions. The permeability of the isolated perfused rat small-intestine has a paradoxical response flowing prickly pear juices administration at diverse doses and maturity grade. Most importantly, the quantitative phytochemical analyses of both juices showed a different composition depending on the degree of maturity. In conclusion, the prickly pear juice at two distinct phases of maturity has different phytochemical characteristics and opposite effects on GI physiological actions in rat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kais Rtibi
- 1 Laboratory of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bioresources, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Béja , Béja, Tunisia .,2 Laboratory of Functional Neurophysiology and Pathologies, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Slimen Selmi
- 1 Laboratory of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bioresources, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Béja , Béja, Tunisia
| | - Dhekra Grami
- 1 Laboratory of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bioresources, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Béja , Béja, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Amri
- 2 Laboratory of Functional Neurophysiology and Pathologies, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Hichem Sebai
- 1 Laboratory of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bioresources, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Béja , Béja, Tunisia
| | - Lamjed Marzouki
- 1 Laboratory of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bioresources, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Béja , Béja, Tunisia .,2 Laboratory of Functional Neurophysiology and Pathologies, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
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22
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Rtibi K, Selmi S, Saidani K, Grami D, Amri M, Sebai H, Marzouki L. Reverse Effect of Opuntia ficus-indica L. Juice and Seeds Aqueous Extract on Gastric Emptying and Small-Bowel Motility in Rat. J Food Sci 2017; 83:205-211. [PMID: 29165814 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.13990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Revised: 10/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to compare the effects of juice and seeds on gastric emptying, small-bowel motility and intestinal ion transport. Separate groups of rats were randomized to receive NaCl, increasing doses of juice (5, 10, and 20 mL/kg, b.w.) or seeds aqueous extract (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg, b.w.). Simultaneously, two other groups were received, the reference drugs; clonidine (1 mg/kg) and yohimbine (2 mg/kg). The charcoal meal was used as a suspension for gastrointestinal motility test. The purgative action of juice was confirmed using the loperamide (5 mg/kg, p.o.) induced constipation. To evaluate the antisecretory effect, we were used as a hypersecretion agent, the castor oil at the dose of 5 mL/kg. Compared to the control and standard groups, we were showed that the prickly pear has an opposite effect on small-bowel motility and gastric emptying. Indeed, the juice at various doses has a laxative effect of gastrointestinal transit in healthy and constipated-rats. However, the aqueous extract of the seeds leads to a reduction of motility in normal rats which gives it a remarkable antidiarrhoeal activity, a notable intestinal fluid accumulation decline and electrolyte concentrations reestablishment. Moreover, orally juice administered at different doses accelerated the stomach emptying time in contrast to the seeds aqueous extract. More importantly, a significant variation in the phytochemical constituents levels between juice and seeds was found. These findings confirm the reverse therapeutic effects of this fruit in the treatment of digestive disturbances such as difficulty stool evacuation and massive intestinal secretion, likewise, the gastric emptying process perturbation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaïs Rtibi
- Lab. de Physiologie Fonctionnelle et Valorisation des Bioressources-Inst. Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Béja, B.P. 382 - 9000 Béja, Tunisia.,Lab. de Neurophysiologie Fonctionnelle et Pathologies, Dépt. des Sciences Biologiques, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis-2092 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Slimen Selmi
- Lab. de Physiologie Fonctionnelle et Valorisation des Bioressources-Inst. Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Béja, B.P. 382 - 9000 Béja, Tunisia
| | - Khouloud Saidani
- Lab. de Physiologie Fonctionnelle et Valorisation des Bioressources-Inst. Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Béja, B.P. 382 - 9000 Béja, Tunisia
| | - Dhekra Grami
- Lab. de Physiologie Fonctionnelle et Valorisation des Bioressources-Inst. Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Béja, B.P. 382 - 9000 Béja, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Amri
- Lab. de Neurophysiologie Fonctionnelle et Pathologies, Dépt. des Sciences Biologiques, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis-2092 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Hichem Sebai
- Lab. de Physiologie Fonctionnelle et Valorisation des Bioressources-Inst. Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Béja, B.P. 382 - 9000 Béja, Tunisia
| | - Lamjed Marzouki
- Lab. de Physiologie Fonctionnelle et Valorisation des Bioressources-Inst. Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Béja, B.P. 382 - 9000 Béja, Tunisia.,Lab. de Neurophysiologie Fonctionnelle et Pathologies, Dépt. des Sciences Biologiques, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis-2092 Tunis, Tunisia
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23
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Aiello A, Di Bona D, Candore G, Carru C, Zinellu A, Di Miceli G, Nicosia A, Gambino CM, Ruisi P, Caruso C, Vasto S, Accardi G. Targeting Aging with Functional Food: Pasta with Opuntia Single-Arm Pilot Study. Rejuvenation Res 2017; 21:249-256. [PMID: 28851251 DOI: 10.1089/rej.2017.1992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Interventions to extend life span represent the new perspective in aging investigation. Healthy dietary habits are important modifiable factors that can favor a healthy aging phenotype. Many studies have demonstrated benefits for metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus resulting from the traditional Mediterranean foods. Opuntia Ficus Indica (OFI), widespread in the Mediterranean basin, belongs to the Cactaceae family. It is known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Moreover, products containing extracts from OFI fruits or cladodes have been used to control obesity and other metabolic parameters, such as glycemia and lipid profile. The aim of this study was to analyze the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effect of pasta with 3% of OFI cladode extracts added to show its beneficial effect in human health. We performed a single arm longitudinal intervention study in 42 healthy volunteers, administrating 500 g/week of this functional pasta for 30 days. Our pasta had antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties with putative effect on the aging process and related metabolic diseases. We also demonstrated a hypoglycemic effect. The results are preliminary, but it is possible to speculate that our pasta could be considered an effective food for the prevention of age-related metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Aiello
- 1 Department of Pathobiology and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Palermo , Palermo, Italy
| | - Danilo Di Bona
- 2 Department of Emergency and Organ Transplants, University of Bari Aldo Moro , Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Candore
- 1 Department of Pathobiology and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Palermo , Palermo, Italy
| | - Ciriaco Carru
- 3 Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sassari , Sassari, Italy
| | - Angelo Zinellu
- 3 Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sassari , Sassari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Di Miceli
- 4 Department of Agricultural and Forest Sciences, University of Palermo , Palermo, Italy
| | - Aldo Nicosia
- 5 Laboratory of Molecular Ecology and Biotechnology, National Research Council-Institute for Marine and Coastal Environment (IAMC-CNR) , Detached Unit of Capo Granitola, Trapani, Italy
| | - Caterina Maria Gambino
- 1 Department of Pathobiology and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Palermo , Palermo, Italy
| | - Paolo Ruisi
- 4 Department of Agricultural and Forest Sciences, University of Palermo , Palermo, Italy
| | - Calogero Caruso
- 1 Department of Pathobiology and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Palermo , Palermo, Italy
| | - Sonya Vasto
- 6 Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo , Palermo, Italy
| | - Giulia Accardi
- 1 Department of Pathobiology and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Palermo , Palermo, Italy
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Opuntia ficus-indica seed attenuates hepatic steatosis and promotes M2 macrophage polarization in high-fat diet–fed mice. Nutr Res 2016; 36:369-379. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2015.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Revised: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Jiménez-Aspee F, Alberto MR, Quispe C, Soriano MDPC, Theoduloz C, Zampini IC, Isla MI, Schmeda-Hirschmann G. Anti-inflammatory activity of copao (Eulychnia acida Phil., Cactaceae) fruits. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2015; 70:135-140. [PMID: 25682221 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-015-0468-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Copao (Eulychnia acida Phil., Cactaceae) is an endemic species occurring in northern Chile. The edible fruits of this plant are valued for its acidic and refreshing taste. Phenolic-enriched extracts from copao fruit pulp and epicarp, collected in the Elqui and Limari river valleys, were assessed by its in vitro ability to inhibit the pro-inflammatory enzymes lipoxygenase (LOX) and cyclooxygenases (COX-1 and COX-2). At 100 μg/mL, pulp extracts showed better effect towards LOX than epicarp extract, while COX-2 inhibition was observed for both epicarp and pulp samples. In general, the extracts were inactive towards COX-1. A positive correlation was observed between the anti-inflammatory activity and the main phenolic compounds found in this fruit. Copao fruits from the Limari valley, a main place of collection and commercialization, showed major activity, adding evidence on the possible health-beneficial effects of this native Chilean fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Jiménez-Aspee
- Laboratorio de Química de Productos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Casilla 747, Talca, Chile
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Son JE, Lee BH, Nam TG, Im S, Chung DK, Lee JM, Chun OK, Kim DO. Flavonols from the Ripe Fruits of O
puntia ficus-indica
Var. saboten
Protect Neuronal PC-12 Cells against Oxidative Stress. J Food Biochem 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Eun Son
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology; Kyung Hee University; Yongin Gyeonggi 446-701 South Korea
- Skin Biotechnology Center; Kyung Hee University; Suwon Gyeonggi 443-766 South Korea
| | - Bong Han Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology; Kyung Hee University; Yongin Gyeonggi 446-701 South Korea
- Skin Biotechnology Center; Kyung Hee University; Suwon Gyeonggi 443-766 South Korea
| | - Tae Gyu Nam
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology; Kyung Hee University; Yongin Gyeonggi 446-701 South Korea
- Skin Biotechnology Center; Kyung Hee University; Suwon Gyeonggi 443-766 South Korea
| | - Sungbin Im
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology; Kyung Hee University; Yongin Gyeonggi 446-701 South Korea
- Skin Biotechnology Center; Kyung Hee University; Suwon Gyeonggi 443-766 South Korea
| | - Dae Kyun Chung
- Skin Biotechnology Center; Kyung Hee University; Suwon Gyeonggi 443-766 South Korea
- Department of Genetic Engineering; Kyung Hee University; Yongin Gyeonggi 446-701 South Korea
| | - Jung Min Lee
- Skin Research Team; Morechem Co., Ltd; Yongin Gyeonggi 446-908 South Korea
| | - Ock K. Chun
- Department of Nutritional Sciences; University of Connecticut; Storrs Connecticut 06269 USA
| | - Dae-Ok Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology; Kyung Hee University; Yongin Gyeonggi 446-701 South Korea
- Skin Biotechnology Center; Kyung Hee University; Suwon Gyeonggi 443-766 South Korea
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Choi HS, Kim JH, Park Y, Ra KS, Imm JY, Suh HJ. Radical-Scavenging Activities of Cactus Cladodes (O
puntia Humifusa
Raf.) in a Submerged Culture. J Food Biochem 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon-Son Choi
- Department of Food and Nutrition; Korea University; Seoul 136-703 Korea
| | | | - Yooheon Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition; Korea University; Seoul 136-703 Korea
| | - Kyung Soo Ra
- Department of Food and Nutrition; Daegu Technical College; Daegu Korea
| | - Jee-Young Imm
- Department of Foods and Nutrition; Kookmin University; Seoul Korea
| | - Hyung Joo Suh
- Department of Food and Nutrition; Korea University; Seoul 136-703 Korea
- Department of Public Health Science; Graduate School; Korea University; Seoul 136-703 Korea
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Kim JH, Park Y, Yu KW, Imm JY, Suh HJ. Enzyme-assisted extraction of cactus bioactive molecules under high hydrostatic pressure. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2014; 94:850-856. [PMID: 23893871 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.6317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2013] [Revised: 07/15/2013] [Accepted: 07/24/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To improve the extraction and recovery of bioactive materials from cactus, the present study investigated the effect of polysaccharide-degrading enzymes [Rapidase-Viscozyme mixture, 1/3 (v/v)] treatment under high hydrostatic pressure (HHP). RESULTS The dry weight of the extract increased with the use of increasing pressure regardless of enzyme treatment. However, the polyphenol content showed a tendency to decrease with the increase in pressure in the cactus extract with or without enzyme treatment. The enzyme-assisted extraction resulted in an increase of dry weight and polyphenol content in the cactus extract. The total sugar and reducing sugar contents of the cactus extract increased with increasing pressure in enzyme-assisted extraction. The uronic acid content of the cactus extract showed a pattern similar to that of the reducing sugars. The enzyme-assisted extraction also increased the contents of taxifolin, quercetin and isorhametin. The cactus extract obtained through enzyme-assisted extraction showed intense scavenging activity of both DPPH and ABTS radicals. The crude polysaccharides isolated from the extract (51.2% at 1000 µg mL⁻¹ for HHP extraction at 300 MPa) had higher anti-complementary activity than the others except for lipopolysaccharide (60.00% at 1000 µg mL⁻¹). HHP extraction and enzyme-assisted extraction using HHP showed an increase of anti-complementary activity compared with the heat and enzyme controls, respectively. CONCLUSION Overall, the use of HHP in enzyme-assisted extraction resulted in more efficient extraction than the use of enzyme treatment alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hwan Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Korea University, Seoul, 136-703, Republic of Korea
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Opuntia humifusa supplementation increased bone density by regulating parathyroid hormone and osteocalcin in male growing rats. Int J Mol Sci 2012; 13:6747-6756. [PMID: 22837661 PMCID: PMC3397493 DOI: 10.3390/ijms13066747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2012] [Revised: 05/24/2012] [Accepted: 05/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the effect of Opuntia humifusa (O. humifusa) supplementation on bone density and related hormone secretion in growing male rats. Sixteen six-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups; control diet group (CG, n = 8), and experimental diet group (EG, n = 8). The rats in the CG were given a control diet and those in the EG were given 5% O. humifusa added to the control diet for eight weeks. The serum OC level of the EG was significantly higher than that of the CG, and the serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) level of EG was significantly lower than that of the CG. In addition, the femoral and tibial BMD of the EG were significantly higher values than those of the CG, and the tibial BMC of the EG was significantly higher than that of the CG. These results suggest that O. humifusa supplementation has a positive effect on bone density by suppressing PTH and increasing the OC level in growing male rats.
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Abstract
Zearalenone (ZEN) is a non-steroidal mycoestrogen that widely contaminates agricultural products. ZEN and its derivatives share similar molecular mechanisms and activity with estrogens and interact with ERα and ERβ leading to changes in the reproductive system in both animals and humans. The reduced form of ZEN, α-ZEA ralenol, has been used as an anabolic agent for animals and also proposed as hormonal replacement therapy in postmenopausal women. Furthermore, both zearelanol ZEN and derivatives have been patented as oral contraceptives. ZEN has been widely used in the United States since 1969 to improve fattening rates in cattle by increasing growth rate and feed conversion efficiency. Evidence of human harm from this practice is provided by observations of central precocious puberty. As a result, this practice has been banned by the European Union. As ZEN has been associated with breast enlargement in humans, it has been included in many bust-enhancing dietary supplements but epidemiological evidence is lacking with regard to breast cancer risk. Extensive work with human breast cancer cell lines has shown estrogenic stimulation in those possessing ER but a reduction in DMBA-induced breast cancers in rodents given ZEN. Protein disulfide isomerase provides a molecular biomarker of dietary exposure to ZEN and its derivatives allowing the detection and control of harmful food intake. The interaction of ZEN with anti-estrogens, anticancer agents and antioxidants requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pazaiti
- 1st Department of Surgery, University of Athens, Laiko Hospital, Athens, Greece
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Brahmi D, Bouaziz C, Ayed Y, Ben Mansour H, Zourgui L, Bacha H. Chemopreventive effect of cactus Opuntia ficus indica on oxidative stress and genotoxicity of aflatoxin B1. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2011; 8:73. [PMID: 22008149 PMCID: PMC3214131 DOI: 10.1186/1743-7075-8-73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2011] [Accepted: 10/18/2011] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is potent hepatotoxic and hepatocarcinogenic agent. In aflatoxicosis, oxidative stress is a common mechanism contributing to initiation and progression of hepatic damage. The aim of this work was to evaluate the hepatoprotective effect of cactus cladode extract (CCE) on aflatoxin B1-induced liver damage in mice by measuring malondialdehyde (MDA) level, the protein carbonyls generation and the heat shock proteins Hsp 70 and Hsp 27 expressions in liver. We also looked for an eventual protective effect against AFB1-induced genotoxicity as determined by chromosome aberrations test, SOS Chromotest and DNA fragmentation assay. We further evaluated the modulation of p53, bax and bcl2 protein expressions in liver. METHODS Adult, healthy balbC (20-25 g) male mice were pre-treated by intraperitonial administration of CCE (50 mg/Kg.b.w) for 2 weeks. Control animals were treated 3 days a week for 4 weeks by intraperitonial administration of 250 μg/Kg.b.w AFB1. Animals treated by AFB1 and CCE were divided into two groups: the first group was administrated CCE 2 hours before each treatment with AFB1 3 days a week for 4 weeks. The second group was administrated without pre-treatment with CCE but this extract was administrated 24 hours after each treatment with AFB1 3 days a week for 4 weeks. RESULTS Our results clearly showed that AFB1 induced significant alterations in oxidative stress markers. In addition, it has a genotoxic potential and it increased the expression of pro apoptotic proteins p53 and bax and decreased the expression of bcl2. The treatment of CCE before or after treatment with AFB1, showed (i) a total reduction of AFB1 induced oxidative damage markers, (ii) an anti-genotoxic effect resulting in an efficient prevention of chromosomal aberrations and DNA fragmentation compared to the group treated with AFB1 alone (iii) restriction of the effect of AFB1 by differential modulation of the expression of p53 which decreased as well as its associated genes such as bax and bcl2. CONCLUSION We concluded that CCE might have a hepatoprotective effect against aflatoxicosis in mice, probably acting by promoting the antioxidant defence systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalel Brahmi
- Laboratory of Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds, Faculty of Dentistry, Rue Avicenne, 5019 Monastir, Tunisia
- Research unit of Macromolecular Biochemistry & Genetic, Faculty of Sciences Gafsa - 2112 Gafsa, Tunisia
| | - Chayma Bouaziz
- Laboratory of Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds, Faculty of Dentistry, Rue Avicenne, 5019 Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Yousra Ayed
- Laboratory of Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds, Faculty of Dentistry, Rue Avicenne, 5019 Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Hédi Ben Mansour
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, Faculté de Pharmacie, Monastir, Rue Avicenne 5000 Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Lazhar Zourgui
- Research unit of Macromolecular Biochemistry & Genetic, Faculty of Sciences Gafsa - 2112 Gafsa, Tunisia
- Higher Institute of Applied Biology ISBAM Medenine university of Gabes, Tunisia
| | - Hassen Bacha
- Laboratory of Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds, Faculty of Dentistry, Rue Avicenne, 5019 Monastir, Tunisia
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Luo C, Zhang W, Sheng C, Zheng C, Yao J, Miao Z. Chemical composition and antidiabetic activity of Opuntia Milpa Alta extracts. Chem Biodivers 2011; 7:2869-79. [PMID: 21161999 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201000077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Three new compounds, 1-3, and 20 known compounds were isolated from the AcOEt and BuOH extract of edible Opuntia Milpa Alta. The petroleum ether extract was examined by GC and MS. A total of 26 compounds were identified, representing 95.6% of the total extract, phytosterol (36.03%) being the most abundant component, and polyunsaturated fatty acids (18.57%) represented the second largest group, followed by phytol (12.28%), palmitic acid, palmitate (13.54%), vitamin E (4.51%), and other compounds (7.47%). The effects of various extracts from edible Opuntia Milpa Alta (petroleum ether extract, AcOEt extract, BuOH extract, aqueous extract, H₂O parts) and the positive control (received dimethylbiguanide) were tested on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. The results indicated that all the treatment groups could significantly decrease blood glucose levels in STZ-induced diabetic mice compared to the model control group (P<0.01), except the aqueous extract group (P<0.05). Especially, the petroleum ether extract group and the positive control group showed remarkable decrease of blood glucose levels. Taken together, the results indicate that the petroleum ether extract is the major hypoglycemic part in edible Opuntia Milpa Alta, which may be developed to a potential natural hypoglycemic functional ingredient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Luo
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, P R China
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Park SH, Sim YB, Han PL, Lee JK, Suh HW. Antidepressant-like Effect of Kaempferol and Quercitirin, Isolated from Opuntia ficus-indica var. saboten. Exp Neurobiol 2010; 19:30-8. [PMID: 22110339 PMCID: PMC3214795 DOI: 10.5607/en.2010.19.1.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2010] [Accepted: 06/20/2010] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Opuntia ficus-indica var. saboten. is widely cultivated in Jeju Island (South Korea) for use in manufacture of health foods. This study described antidepressant effect of two flavonoids (kaempferol and quercitrin) isolated from the Opuntia ficus-indica var. saboten. The expression of the hypothalamic POMC mRNA or plasma β-endorphin levels were increased by extract of Opuntia ficus-indica var. saboten or its flavoniods administered orally. In addition, antidepressant activity was studied using tail suspension test (TST), forced swimming test (FST) and rota-rod test in chronically restraint immobilization stress group in mice. After restraint stress (2 hrs/day for 14 days), animals were kept in cage for 14 days without any further stress, bet with drugs. Mice were fed with a diet supplemented for 14 days and during the behavioral test period with kaempferol or quercitrin (30 mg/kg/day). POMC mRNA or plasma β-endorphin level was increased by extract of Opuntia ficus-indica var. saboten and its flavoniods. In addition, immobility time in TST and FST was significantly reduced by kaempferol or quercitrin. In rota-rod test, the time of permanence was maintained to the semblance of control group in turning at 15 rpm. Our results suggest that two flavonoids (kaempferol and quercitrin) isolated from the Opuntia ficus-indica var. saboten. show a potent antidepressant effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo-Hyun Park
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Natural Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 200-702, Korea
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Yang N, Zhao M, Zhu B, Yang B, Chen C, Cui C, Jiang Y. Anti-diabetic effects of polysaccharides from Opuntia monacantha cladode in normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2007.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Zourgui L, Golli EE, Bouaziz C, Bacha H, Hassen W. Cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica) cladodes prevent oxidative damage induced by the mycotoxin zearalenone in Balb/C mice. Food Chem Toxicol 2008; 46:1817-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2008.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2007] [Revised: 01/03/2008] [Accepted: 01/04/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Geng ZC, Sun JX, Liang SF, Zhang FY, Zhang YY, Xu F, Sun RC. Characterization of Water- and Alkali-Soluble Hemicellulosic Polymers from Sugarcane Bagasse. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF POLYMER ANALYSIS AND CHARACTERIZATION 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/10236660600649095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Z. C. Geng
- a The North-Western University of Agricultural and Forest Sciences and Technology , Yangling , China
| | - J. X. Sun
- a The North-Western University of Agricultural and Forest Sciences and Technology , Yangling , China
| | - S. F. Liang
- a The North-Western University of Agricultural and Forest Sciences and Technology , Yangling , China
| | - F. Y. Zhang
- a The North-Western University of Agricultural and Forest Sciences and Technology , Yangling , China
| | - Y. Y. Zhang
- a The North-Western University of Agricultural and Forest Sciences and Technology , Yangling , China
| | - F. Xu
- b State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou , China
| | - R. C. Sun
- b State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou , China
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Vázquez-Ramírez R, Olguín-Martínez M, Kubli-Garfias C, Hernández-Muñoz R. Reversing gastric mucosal alterations during ethanol-induced chronic gastritis in rats by oral administration of Opuntia ficus-indica mucilage. World J Gastroenterol 2006; 12:4318-24. [PMID: 16865772 PMCID: PMC4087741 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v12.i27.4318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To study the effect of mucilage obtained from cladodes of Opuntia ficus-indica (Cactaceae) on the healing of ethanol-induced gastritis in rats.
METHODS: Chronic gastric mucosa injury was treated with mucilage (5 mg/kg per day) after it was induced by ethanol. Lipid composition, activity of 5’-nucleotidase (a membrane-associated ectoenzyme) and cytosolic activities of lactate and alcohol dehydrogenases in the plasma membrane of gastric mucosa were determined. Histological studies of gastric samples from the experimental groups were included.
RESULTS: Ethanol elicited the histological profile of gastritis characterized by loss of the surface epithelium and infiltration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Phosphatidylcholine (PC) decreased and cholesterol content increased in plasma membranes of the gastric mucosa. In addition, cytosolic activity increased while the activity of alcohol dehydrogenases decreased. The administration of mucilage promptly corrected these enzymatic changes. In fact, mucilage readily accelerated restoration of the ethanol-induced histological alterations and the disturbances in plasma membranes of gastric mucosa, showing a univocal anti-inflammatory effect. The activity of 5’-nucleotidase correlated with the changes in lipid composition and the fluidity of gastric mucosal plasma membranes.
CONCLUSION: The beneficial action of mucilage seems correlated with stabilization of plasma membranes of damaged gastric mucosa. Molecular interactions between mucilage monosaccharides and membrane phospholipids, mainly PC and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), may be the relevant features responsible for changing activities of membrane-attached proteins during the healing process after chronic gastric mucosal damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Vázquez-Ramírez
- Departamento de Biologia Celular y Fisiologia Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico. Apdo. Postal 70-243. Mexico D.F. 04510, Mexico
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Saleem M, Kim HJ, Han CK, Jin C, Lee YS. Secondary metabolites from Opuntia ficus-indica var. saboten. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2006; 67:1390-4. [PMID: 16762382 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2006.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2005] [Revised: 02/13/2006] [Accepted: 04/08/2006] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
A butanol fraction, from the methanolic extract of Opuntia ficus-indica var. saboten, on purification either by preparative TLC or reversed phase HPLC, yielded three chemical components: isorhamnetin 3-O-(6''-O-E-feruloyl)neohesperidoside (1), (6R)-9,10-dihydroxy-4,7-megastigmadien-3-one-9-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (2) and (6S)-9,10-dihydroxy-4,7-megastigmadien-3-one-9-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (3) along with 15 known compounds. Structures of compounds (1-3) were elucidated by aid of spectroscopic analyses. The absolute stereochemistry in compounds 2 and 3 was established with the help of CD data analysis and comparison with the literature data. In a DPPH radical scavenging assay, compound 1 showed moderate inhibitory activity (IC50 = 45.58 microg/ml).
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Saleem
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 131, Cheongryang, Seoul 130-650, Republic of Korea
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Kim JH, Park SM, Ha HJ, Moon CJ, Shin TK, Kim JM, Lee NH, Kim HC, Jang KJ, Wie MB. Opuntia ficus-indica attenuates neuronal injury in in vitro and in vivo models of cerebral ischemia. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2006; 104:257-62. [PMID: 16243466 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2005.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2004] [Revised: 08/17/2005] [Accepted: 09/11/2005] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
We examined whether the methanol extract of Opuntia ficus-indica (MEOF) has a neuroprotective action against N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA)-, kainate (KA)-, and oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD)-induced neuronal injury in cultured mouse cortical cells. We also evaluated the protective effect of MEOF in the hippocampal CA1 region against neuronal damage evoked by global ischemia in gerbils. Treatment of neuronal cultures with MEOF (30, 300, and 1000 microg/ml) inhibited NMDA (25 microM)-, KA (30 microM)-, and OGD (50 min)-induced neurotoxicity dose-dependently. The butanol fraction of Opuntia ficus-indica (300 microg/ml) significantly reduced NMDA (20 microM)-induced delayed neurotoxicity by 27%. Gerbils were treated with MEOF every 24h for 3 days (0.1, 1.0, and 4.0 g/kg, p.o.) or for 4 weeks (0.1 and 1.0 g/kg, p.o.), and ischemic injury was induced after the last dose. Neuronal cell damage in the hippocampal CA1 region was evaluated quantitatively at 5 days after the ischemic injury. When gerbils were given doses of 4.0 g/kg (3 days) and 1.0 g/kg (4 weeks), the neuronal damage in the hippocampal region was reduced by 32 and 36%, respectively. These results suggest that the preventive administration of Opuntia ficus-indica extracts may be helpful in alleviating the excitotoxic neuronal damage induced by global ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Hoon Kim
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Cheju National University, Jeju 690-756, South Korea
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Cho JY, Park SC, Kim TW, Kim KS, Song JC, Kim SK, Lee HM, Sung HJ, Park HJ, Song YB, Yoo ES, Lee CH, Rhee MH. Radical scavenging and anti-inflammatory activity of extracts from Opuntia humifusa Raf. J Pharm Pharmacol 2006; 58:113-9. [PMID: 16393471 DOI: 10.1211/jpp.58.1.0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Opuntia humifusa Raf. (O. humifusa Raf.) is a member of the Cactaceae family. To determine the antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects of this herb, various solvent fractions (methanol, hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol, and water) prepared from the leaves of cacti were tested using DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-l-picrylhydrazyl radical) and xanthine oxidase assays, and nitric oxide (NO)-producing macrophage cells. We found that O. humifusa Raf. displayed potent antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity. Thus, all solvent fractions, except for the water layer, showed potent scavenging effects. The scavenging effect of the ethyl acetate fraction was higher than that of the other fractions, with IC50 values of 3.6 and 48.2 microg mL(-1). According to activity-guided fractionation, one of the active radical scavenging principles in the ethyl acetate fraction was found to be quercetin. In contrast, only two fractions (chloroform and ethyl acetate) significantly suppressed nitric oxide production from the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated RAW264.7 cells. In addition, chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions significantly blocked the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthetase (iNOS) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) from the RAW264.7 cells stimulated by LPS. Moreover, ethyl acetate fractions significantly blocked the expression of IL-1beta from the RAW264.7 cells stimulated by LPS. Therefore, the results suggested that O. humifusa Raf. may modulate radical-induced toxicity via both direct scavenging activity and the inhibition of reactive species generation, and the modulation of the expression of inflammatory cytokines. Finally, O. humifusa Raf. may be useful as a functional food or drug against reactive species-mediated disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Youl Cho
- School of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
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Lee MH, Kim JY, Yoon JH, Lim HJ, Kim TH, Jin C, Kwak WJ, Han CK, Ryu JH. Inhibition of nitric oxide synthase expression in activated microglia and peroxynitrite scavenging activity byOpuntia ficus indica var.saboten. Phytother Res 2006; 20:742-7. [PMID: 16807879 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.1942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Activated microglia by neuronal injury or inflammatory stimulation overproduce nitric oxide (NO) by inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide anion, resulting in neurodegenerative diseases. The toxic peroxynitrite (ONOO-), the reaction product of NO and superoxide anion further contributes to oxidative neurotoxicity. A butanol fraction obtained from 50% ethanol extracts of Opuntia ficus indica var. saboten (Cactaceae) stem (SK OFB901) and its hydrolysis product (SK OFB901H) inhibited the production of NO in LPS-activated microglia in a dose dependent manner (IC50 15.9, 4.2 microg/mL, respectively). They also suppressed the expression of protein and mRNA of iNOS in LPS-activated microglial cells at higher than 30 microg/mL as observed by western blot analysis and RT-PCR experiment. They also inhibited the degradation of I-kappaB-alpha in activated microglia. Moreover, they showed strong activity of peroxynitrite scavenging in a cell free bioassay system. These results imply that Opuntia ficus indica may have neuroprotective activity through the inhibition of NO production by activated microglial cells and peroxynitrite scavenging activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Hong Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, 52 Hyochangwon-Gil, Yongsan-Gu, Seoul, Korea
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Stintzing FC, Carle R. Cactus stems (Opuntia spp.): A review on their chemistry, technology, and uses. Mol Nutr Food Res 2005; 49:175-94. [PMID: 15729672 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.200400071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Although traditionally used as a valuable health supporting nutrient, the vegetative parts of Opuntia spp. plants are scarcely used in modern nutrition and medicine. While all kinds of different Opuntia spp. have been studied, a systematic approach regarding the inter-relationships between the composition and the pre- and postharvest conditions is still missing. Therefore, the present review compiles and discusses literature on the chemical composition of cactus stems, the knowledge on uses in food, medicine, and cosmetics. It is concluded that much research is needed to get an insight into the multitude of bioactivities reported in the traditional literature but also to take advantage of the respective constituents for food and pharmaceutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian C Stintzing
- Hohenheim University, Institute of Food Technology, Plant Foodstuff Technology, Stuttgart, Germany.
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Vignon MR, Heux L, Malainine ME, Mahrouz M. Arabinan–cellulose composite in Opuntia ficus-indica prickly pear spines. Carbohydr Res 2004; 339:123-31. [PMID: 14659678 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2003.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The ultrastructure of the spines decorating the cladodes of the cactus Opuntia ficus-indica was investigated by optical microscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, wide angle X-ray, and solid state 13C NMR analyses. Each spine consisted of a compact parallel arrangement of slender cellulosic fibers (0.4 mm in length and 6-10 microm in diameter) with small lumens. The fibers were disencrusted by alkali and sodium chlorite bleaching, yielding a remarkable arabinan-cellulose (1:1) product. X-ray fiber diagrams of the spines before and after purification confirmed the presence of crystalline cellulose domains with molecular axis parallel to the spine axis. CP-MAS 13C T1 NMR data showed a strong interaction at a nanometric level of a fraction of the arabinan and the cellulose crystalline domains. By sequential hydrothermal extractions, followed by a trifluoroacetic acid treatment, a relatively pure cellulose was isolated while the extracted fibers became fibrillated into slender microfibrils having no more than 4-6 nm diameter. The hydrothermal extract yielded the alpha-L-arabinofuranan consisting of a chain of (1-->5)-linked L-arabinosyl residues with branching either at C-2 or C-3 or at both C-2 and C-3. Taken together, these observations suggest that the bulk of the spine fibers consists of an intimate composite of cellulose microfibrils embedded in an arabinan matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Vignon
- Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales (CERMAV-CNRS), Université Joseph Fourier, BP 53, 38041 Grenoble 9, France.
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Fernandez EC, Sandi YE, Kokoska L. Ethnobotanical inventory of medicinal plants used in the Bustillo Province of the Potosi Department, Bolivia. Fitoterapia 2003; 74:407-16. [PMID: 12781818 DOI: 10.1016/s0367-326x(03)00053-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
A survey of medicinal plants used by rural communities in the Bustillo Province of the Potosi Department in Bolivia is reported in this article. Fifty-six plant species belonging to 24 families and 46 different genera were included. Their botanical and vernacular names, plant part used, popular medicinal use, forms of preparation and applications of the herbal remedies are given.
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Affiliation(s)
- E C Fernandez
- Department of Tropical and Subtropical Crops, Institute of Tropical and Subtropical Agriculture, Czech University of Agriculture in Prague, Kamycka 129, Prague 6-Suchdol, Czech Republic
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Dok-Go H, Lee KH, Kim HJ, Lee EH, Lee J, Song YS, Lee YH, Jin C, Lee YS, Cho J. Neuroprotective effects of antioxidative flavonoids, quercetin, (+)-dihydroquercetin and quercetin 3-methyl ether, isolated from Opuntia ficus-indica var. saboten. Brain Res 2003; 965:130-6. [PMID: 12591129 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-8993(02)04150-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The flavonoids quercetin, (+)-dihydroquercetin, and quercetin 3-methyl ether were isolated from the ethyl acetate fractions of the fruits and stems of Opuntia ficus-indica var. saboten. In the present study, we evaluated their protective effects against oxidative neuronal injuries induced in primary cultured rat cortical cells and their antioxidant activities by using three different cell-free bioassays. Quercetin was found to inhibit H(2)O(2)- or xanthine (X)/xanthine oxidase (XO)-induced oxidative neuronal cell injury, with an estimated IC(50) of 4-5 micro g/ml. However, it was no more protective at concentrations of 30 micro g/ml and above. (+)-Dihydroquercetin concentration-dependently inhibited oxidative neuronal injuries, but it was less potent than quercetin. On the other hand, quercetin 3-methyl ether potently and dramatically inhibited H(2)O(2)- and X/XO-induced neuronal injuries, with IC(50) values of 0.6 and 0.7 micro g/ml, respectively. All three principles markedly inhibited lipid peroxidation and scavenged 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free radicals. In addition, quercetin and quercetin 3-methyl ether were shown to inhibit XO activity in vitro, with respective IC(50) values of 10.67 and 42.01 micro g/ml. These results indicate that quercetin, (+)-dihydroquercetin, and quercetin 3-methyl ether are the active antioxidant principles in the fruits and stems of Opuntia ficus-indica var. saboten exhibiting neuroprotective actions against the oxidative injuries induced in cortical cell cultures. Furthermore, quercetin 3-methyl ether appears to be the most potent neuroprotectant of the three flavonoids isolated from this plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyang Dok-Go
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Dongguk University, Kyongju, Kyongbuk 780-714, South Korea
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Malainine ME, Dufresne A, Dupeyre D, Mahrouz M, Vuong R, Vignon MR. Structure and morphology of cladodes and spines of Opuntia ficus-indica. Cellulose extraction and characterisation. Carbohydr Polym 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0144-8617(02)00157-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Habibi Y, Mahrouz M, Vignon MR. Isolation and structure of D-xylans from pericarp seeds of Opuntia ficus-indica prickly pear fruits. Carbohydr Res 2002; 337:15938. [PMID: 12350330 DOI: 10.1016/s0008-6215(02)00186-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Xylans were isolated from the pericarp of prickly pear seeds of Opuntia ficus-indica (OFI) by alkaline extraction, fractionated by precipitation and purified. Six fractions were obtained and characterized by sugar analysis and NMR spectroscopy. They were assumed to be (4-O-methyl-D-glucurono)-D-xylans, with 4-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyluronic acid groups linked at C-2 of a (1-->4)-beta-D-xylan. The sugar composition and the 1H and 13C NMR spectra showed that their chemical structures were very similar, but with different proportions of D-Xyl and 4-O-Me-D-GlcA. Our results showed that, on average, the water soluble xylans have one nonreducing terminal residue of 4-O-methyl-D-glucuronic acid for every 11 to 14 xylose units, whereas in the water non-soluble xylans, xylose units can varied from 18 to 65 residues for one nonreducing terminal residue of 4-O-methyl-D-glucuronic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youssef Habibi
- Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales, CNRS, and Université Joseph Fourrier, BP 53, F-38041 cedex 9, Grenoble, France
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Lee EB, Hyun JE, Li DW, Moon YI. Effects of Opuntia ficus-indica var. Saboten stem on gastric damages in rats. Arch Pharm Res 2002; 25:67-70. [PMID: 11885695 DOI: 10.1007/bf02975264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The effects of the dried stem powder of Opuntia ficus-indica var. saboten (OF-s) were investigated on gastric lesion and ulcer models in rats. It showed significant inhibition in HCl ethanol-induced gastric lesion at the doses of 200 and 600 mg/kg p.o. and in HCl.aspirin-induced gastric lesion at 600 mg/kg p.o. OF-s also showed significant inhibition in indomethacin-induced gastric lesion at the doses of 200 and 600 mg/kg, p.o. However, it did not affect both the aspirin-induced and Shay ulcers in rats. It also did not affect gastric juice secretion, acid output and pH. These data indicate that OF-s only possesses pronounced inhibitory action on gastric lesion without antiulcer activity in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Bang Lee
- Natural Products Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
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Abstract
In previous studies, the ethanol extract of cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica) showed potent anti-inflammatory action. In the present study, following fractionation of the methanol extract of cactus stems guided by adjuvant-induced chronic inflammation model in mice, an active anti-inflammatory principle has been isolated and identified as beta-sitosterol.
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Affiliation(s)
- E H Park
- College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, 140-742, Seoul, South Korea.
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Abstract
The methanolic extract of Opuntia ficus-indica stems and its hexane, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and aqueous fractions were evaluated for their wound healing activity in rats. The extract and less polar fractions showed significant effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- E H Park
- College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, 140-742, Seoul, South Korea.
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