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1
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Shi J, Liu Y, Peng X, Li Z, Wang X. Role of Entropy-Enthalpy Competition on the Thermochemically Driven Shape Memory Effect in Amorphous Polymer Films. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2025; 18:1630. [PMID: 40271858 PMCID: PMC11990435 DOI: 10.3390/ma18071630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2025] [Revised: 03/20/2025] [Accepted: 04/01/2025] [Indexed: 04/25/2025]
Abstract
The application of thermochemically responsive polymer films in the biomedical field is a promising direction, particularly for controllable drug delivery. However, the mechanism governing the shape memory effect (SME) remains poorly understood due to the complex interactions between solvent molecules and polymer chains. Herein, we integrate the Flory-Huggins theory with the transition state model to investigate the plasticization effect of solvent on the thermodynamic behavior of polymers. By introducing the concept of phase transition, the dependences of the glass transition temperature, thermomechanical properties, and shape memory behavior of polymer films on the thermochemical stimuli are discussed. Our theoretical analysis reveals that the entropy of mixing promotes the occurrence of the SME, while the enthalpy of mixing exerts an inhibitory effect on this process. Consequently, the competition between the entropy of mixing and the enthalpy of mixing is the critical factor determining whether polymers exhibit the SME under different thermochemical conditions. The effectiveness of the proposed model is further validated by applying it to predict the shape memory behavior of acrylate copolymer films under different thermochemical conditions. This study is expected to provide a practical methodology for understanding the working mechanism of the thermochemically driven SME in polymer films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianing Shi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; (J.S.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yong Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; (J.S.); (Y.L.)
| | - Xinhui Peng
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Mechanical Reliability for Heavy Equipments and Large Structures, School of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China; (X.P.); (Z.L.)
| | - Zhe Li
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Mechanical Reliability for Heavy Equipments and Large Structures, School of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China; (X.P.); (Z.L.)
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Mechanical Reliability for Heavy Equipments and Large Structures, School of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China; (X.P.); (Z.L.)
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2
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Son Y, Lee MS, Hwang DJ, Lee SH, Lee AS, Hwang SS, Choi DH, Jo CH, Yang HS. Fabrication of a micropatterned shape-memory polymer patch with L-DOPA for tendon regeneration. Biomater Sci 2025; 13:1243-1260. [PMID: 39866153 DOI: 10.1039/d4bm00298a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2025]
Abstract
A scaffold design for tendon regeneration has been proposed, which mimics the microstructural features of tendons and provides appropriate mechanical properties. We synthesized a temperature-triggered shape-memory polymer (SMP) using the ring-opening polymerization of polycaprolactone (PCL) with polyethylene glycol (PEG) as a macroinitiator. We fabricated a micropatterned patch using SMP via capillary force lithography, which mimicked a native tendon, for providing physical cues and guiding effects. The SMP patches (the SMP-flat patch is referred to as SMP-F, and the SMP-patterned patch is referred to as SMP-P) were surface-modified with 3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine (L-DOPA, referred to as D) for improving cell adhesion. We hypothesized that SMP patches could be applied in minimally invasive surgery and the micropatterned structure would improve tendon regeneration by providing geometrical cues. The SMP patches exhibited excellent shape-memory properties, mechanical performance, and biocompatibility in vitro and in vivo. Especially, SMP-DP demonstrated enhanced cell behaviors in vitro, including cell orientation, elongation, migration, and tenogenic differentiation potential. The in vivo data showed notable biomechanical functionality and histological morphometric findings in various analyses of SMP-DP in the ruptured Achilles tendon model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucheol Son
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 FOUR micropatterned shape-memory NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea.
| | - Min Suk Lee
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 FOUR micropatterned shape-memory NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea.
- Medical Laser Research Center, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Richard and Loan Hill Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Dong Jun Hwang
- Materials Architecturing Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarang-ro 14-gil 5, Seongbuk Gu, Seoul 02972, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Hong Lee
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 FOUR micropatterned shape-memory NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea.
| | - Albert S Lee
- Materials Architecturing Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarang-ro 14-gil 5, Seongbuk Gu, Seoul 02972, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Sang Hwang
- Materials Architecturing Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarang-ro 14-gil 5, Seongbuk Gu, Seoul 02972, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hoon Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Chris Hyunchul Jo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 20 Boramae-ro 5-gil, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 07061, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Seok Yang
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 FOUR micropatterned shape-memory NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea.
- School of Biomedical Sciences & Biosystems, College of Bio-convergence, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Center for Bio-Medical Engineering Core-Facility, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
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Bergoglio M, Kriehuber M, Sölle B, Rossegger E, Schlögl S, Najmi Z, Cochis A, Ferla F, Miola M, Vernè E, Sangermano M. 3D-Printed Acrylated Soybean Oil Scaffolds with Vitrimeric Properties Reinforced by Tellurium-Doped Bioactive Glass. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:3614. [PMID: 39771465 PMCID: PMC11679437 DOI: 10.3390/polym16243614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2024] [Revised: 12/19/2024] [Accepted: 12/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2025] Open
Abstract
In this study, we present novel, vitrimeric and biobased scaffolds that are designed for hard tissue applications, composed of acrylated, epoxidized soybean oil (AESO) and reinforced with bioactive glass that is Tellurium doped (BG-Te) and BG-Te silanized, to tune the mechanical and antibacterial properties. The manufacture's method consisted of a DLP 3D-printing method, enabling precise resolution and the possibility to manufacture a hollow and complex structure. The resin formulation was optimized with a biobased, reactive diluent to adjust the viscosity for an optimal 3D-printing process. The in vitro biological evaluation of the 3D-printed scaffolds, combined with BG-Te and BG-Te-Sil, showed that the sample's surfaces remained safe for hBMSCs' attachment and proliferation. The number of S. aureus that adhered to the BG-Te was 87% and 54% lower than on the pristine (control) and BG-Te-Sil, respectively, with the eradication of microbiofilm aggregates. This work highlights the effect of the vitrimeric polymer matrix and doped, bioactive glass in manufacturing biocompatible, biobased, and antibacterial scaffold used in hard tissue application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Bergoglio
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy; (M.B.); (M.M.); (E.V.)
| | - Matthias Kriehuber
- Polymer Competence Center Leoben GmbH, Roseggerstrasse 12, 8700 Leoben, Austria; (M.K.); (B.S.); (E.R.); (S.S.)
| | - Bernhard Sölle
- Polymer Competence Center Leoben GmbH, Roseggerstrasse 12, 8700 Leoben, Austria; (M.K.); (B.S.); (E.R.); (S.S.)
| | - Elisabeth Rossegger
- Polymer Competence Center Leoben GmbH, Roseggerstrasse 12, 8700 Leoben, Austria; (M.K.); (B.S.); (E.R.); (S.S.)
| | - Sandra Schlögl
- Polymer Competence Center Leoben GmbH, Roseggerstrasse 12, 8700 Leoben, Austria; (M.K.); (B.S.); (E.R.); (S.S.)
| | - Ziba Najmi
- Department of Health Sciences, Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic, Disease—CAAD, Università Del Piemonte Orientale (UPO), 28100 Novara, Italy; (Z.N.); (A.C.); (F.F.)
| | - Andrea Cochis
- Department of Health Sciences, Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic, Disease—CAAD, Università Del Piemonte Orientale (UPO), 28100 Novara, Italy; (Z.N.); (A.C.); (F.F.)
| | - Federica Ferla
- Department of Health Sciences, Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic, Disease—CAAD, Università Del Piemonte Orientale (UPO), 28100 Novara, Italy; (Z.N.); (A.C.); (F.F.)
| | - Marta Miola
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy; (M.B.); (M.M.); (E.V.)
| | - Enrica Vernè
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy; (M.B.); (M.M.); (E.V.)
| | - Marco Sangermano
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy; (M.B.); (M.M.); (E.V.)
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Veloso-Fernández A, Laza JM, Ruiz-Rubio L, Martín A, Benito-Vicente A, Martín C, Vilas-Vilela JL. Advancing Food Packaging: Exploring Cyto-Toxicity of Shape Memory Polyurethanes. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:4770. [PMID: 39410342 PMCID: PMC11478179 DOI: 10.3390/ma17194770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2024] [Revised: 09/23/2024] [Accepted: 09/24/2024] [Indexed: 10/20/2024]
Abstract
Cytotoxicity is a critical parameter for materials intended for biological applications, such as food packaging. Shape-memory polyurethanes (SMPUs) have garnered significant interest due to their versatile properties and adaptability in synthesis. However, their suitability for biological applications is limited by the use of aromatic isocyanates, such as methylene diphenyl 4,4'-diisocyanate (MDI) and toluene diisocyanate (TDI), which are commonly used in SMPU synthesis but can generate carcinogenic compounds upon degradation. In this study, thermo-responsive shape-memory polyurethanes (SMPUs) were synthesized using poly(tetramethylene ether) glycol (PTMG) and castor oil (CO) as a chain extender with four different isocyanates-aromatic (MDI and TDI), aliphatic (hexamethylene diisocyanate [HDI] and isophorone diisocyanate [IPDI])-to evaluate their impact on polyurethane cytotoxicity. Cytotoxicity assays were conducted on the synthesized SMPU samples before and after exposure to light-induced degradation. The results showed that prior to degradation, all samples exhibited cell proliferation rates above 90%. However, after degradation, the SMPUs containing aromatic isocyanates demonstrated a drastic reduction in cell proliferation to values below 10%, whereas the samples with aliphatic isocyanates maintained cell proliferation above 70%. Subsequently, the influence of polyol chain length was assessed using PTMG, with molecular weights of 1000, 650, and 250 g·mol-1. The results indicated that the SMPUs with longer chain lengths exhibited higher cell proliferation rates both before and after degradation. The thermal and mechanical properties of the SMPUs were further characterized using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), and thermomechanical analysis (TMA), providing comprehensive insights into the behavior of these materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Veloso-Fernández
- Grupo de Química Macromolecular (LABQUIMAC), Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU, CSIC, 48940 Leioa, Spain; (A.V.-F.); (L.R.-R.); (A.M.); (J.L.V.-V.)
| | - José Manuel Laza
- Grupo de Química Macromolecular (LABQUIMAC), Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU, CSIC, 48940 Leioa, Spain; (A.V.-F.); (L.R.-R.); (A.M.); (J.L.V.-V.)
| | - Leire Ruiz-Rubio
- Grupo de Química Macromolecular (LABQUIMAC), Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU, CSIC, 48940 Leioa, Spain; (A.V.-F.); (L.R.-R.); (A.M.); (J.L.V.-V.)
- BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Ane Martín
- Grupo de Química Macromolecular (LABQUIMAC), Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU, CSIC, 48940 Leioa, Spain; (A.V.-F.); (L.R.-R.); (A.M.); (J.L.V.-V.)
| | - Asier Benito-Vicente
- Instituto Biofisika (UPV/EHU, CSIC), Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU, CSIC, 48940 Leioa, Spain; (A.B.-V.); (C.M.)
| | - Cesar Martín
- Instituto Biofisika (UPV/EHU, CSIC), Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU, CSIC, 48940 Leioa, Spain; (A.B.-V.); (C.M.)
| | - José Luis Vilas-Vilela
- Grupo de Química Macromolecular (LABQUIMAC), Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad del País Vasco UPV/EHU, CSIC, 48940 Leioa, Spain; (A.V.-F.); (L.R.-R.); (A.M.); (J.L.V.-V.)
- BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, 48940 Leioa, Spain
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Ershad-Langroudi A, Babazadeh N, Alizadegan F, Mehdi Mousaei S, Moradi G. Polymers for implantable devices. J IND ENG CHEM 2024; 137:61-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2024.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2025]
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Kuram E, Karadeli HH. Fabrication of Shape Memory Polymer Endovascular Thrombectomy Device for Treating Ischemic Stroke. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024; 45:e2400146. [PMID: 38704791 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202400146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Stroke is the second result for death and ischemic stroke constitutes most of all stroke cases. Ischemic stroke takes place when blood clot or embolus blocks cerebral vessel and interrupts blood flow, which often leads to brain damage, permanent disability, or death. There is a 4.5-h (golden hour) treatment window to restore blood flow prior to permanent neurological impairment results. Current stroke treatments consist mechanical system or thrombolytic drug therapy to disrupt or dissolve thrombus. Promising method for stroke treatment is mechanical retrieving of thrombi employing device deployed endovascularly. Advent of smart materials has led to research fabrication of several minimally invasive endovascular devices that take advantage of new materials capabilities. One of these capabilities is shape memory, is capability of material to store temporary form, then activate to primary shape as subjected to stimuli. Shape memory polymers (SMPs) are employed as good materials for thrombectomy device fabrication. Therefore, current review presents thrombectomy device development and fabrication with SMPs. Design, performance, limitations, and in vitro or in vivo clinical results of SMP-based thrombectomy devices are identified. Review also sheds light on SMP's future outlook and recommendations for thrombectomy device application, opening a new era for advanced materials in materials science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emel Kuram
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Gebze Technical University, Kocaeli, 41400, Turkey
| | - Hasan Hüseyin Karadeli
- Department of Neurology, Istanbul Medeniyet University Göztepe Prof. Dr. Süleyman Yalçın City Hospital, Istanbul, 34722, Turkey
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7
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Mirzababaei S, Towery LAK, Kozminsky M. 3D and 4D assembly of functional structures using shape-morphing materials for biological applications. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1347666. [PMID: 38605991 PMCID: PMC11008679 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1347666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
3D structures are crucial to biological function in the human body, driving interest in their in vitro fabrication. Advances in shape-morphing materials allow the assembly of 3D functional materials with the ability to modulate the architecture, flexibility, functionality, and other properties of the final product that suit the desired application. The principles of these techniques correspond to the principles of origami and kirigami, which enable the transformation of planar materials into 3D structures by folding, cutting, and twisting the 2D structure. In these approaches, materials responding to a certain stimulus will be used to manufacture a preliminary structure. Upon applying the stimuli, the architecture changes, which could be considered the fourth dimension in the manufacturing process. Here, we briefly summarize manufacturing techniques, such as lithography and 3D printing, that can be used in fabricating complex structures based on the aforementioned principles. We then discuss the common architectures that have been developed using these methods, which include but are not limited to gripping, rolling, and folding structures. Then, we describe the biomedical applications of these structures, such as sensors, scaffolds, and minimally invasive medical devices. Finally, we discuss challenges and future directions in using shape-morphing materials to develop biomimetic and bioinspired designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soheyl Mirzababaei
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Lily Alyssa Kera Towery
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Molly Kozminsky
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
- Nanovaccine Institute, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
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Zhu Y, Deng K, Zhou J, Lai C, Ma Z, Zhang H, Pan J, Shen L, Bucknor MD, Ozhinsky E, Kim S, Chen G, Ye SH, Zhang Y, Liu D, Gao C, Xu Y, Wang H, Wagner WR. Shape-recovery of implanted shape-memory devices remotely triggered via image-guided ultrasound heating. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1123. [PMID: 38321028 PMCID: PMC10847440 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45437-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Shape-memory materials hold great potential to impart medical devices with functionalities useful during implantation, locomotion, drug delivery, and removal. However, their clinical translation is limited by a lack of non-invasive and precise methods to trigger and control the shape recovery, especially for devices implanted in deep tissues. In this study, the application of image-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) heating is tested. Magnetic resonance-guided HIFU triggered shape-recovery of a device made of polyurethane urea while monitoring its temperature by magnetic resonance thermometry. Deformation of the polyurethane urea in a live canine bladder (5 cm deep) is achieved with 8 seconds of ultrasound-guided HIFU with millimeter resolution energy focus. Tissue sections show no hyperthermic tissue injury. A conceptual application in ureteral stent shape-recovery reduces removal resistance. In conclusion, image-guided HIFU demonstrates deep energy penetration, safety and speed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Binjiang Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Kaicheng Deng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianwei Zhou
- School of Electromechanical and Energy Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chong Lai
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zuwei Ma
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Hua Zhang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiazhen Pan
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liyin Shen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Matthew D Bucknor
- Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Eugene Ozhinsky
- Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Seungil Kim
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Guangjie Chen
- Department of Urology, The Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Sang-Ho Ye
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yue Zhang
- San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Donghong Liu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Changyou Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yonghua Xu
- Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital of Fudan University/Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Shanghai, China.
| | - Huanan Wang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - William R Wagner
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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9
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Yan S, Zhang F, Luo L, Wang L, Liu Y, Leng J. Shape Memory Polymer Composites: 4D Printing, Smart Structures, and Applications. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2023; 6:0234. [PMID: 37941913 PMCID: PMC10629366 DOI: 10.34133/research.0234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Shape memory polymers (SMPs) and their composites (SMPCs) are smart materials that can be stably deformed and then return to their original shape under external stimulation, thus having a memory of their shape. Three-dimensional (3D) printing is an advanced technology for fabricating products using a digital software tool. Four-dimensional (4D) printing is a new generation of additive manufacturing technology that combines shape memory materials and 3D printing technology. Currently, 4D-printed SMPs and SMPCs are gaining considerable research attention and are finding use in various fields, including biomedical science. This review introduces SMPs, SMPCs, and 4D printing technologies, highlighting several special 4D-printed structures. It summarizes the recent research progress of 4D-printed SMPs and SMPCs in various fields, with particular emphasis on biomedical applications. Additionally, it presents an overview of the challenges and development prospects of 4D-printed SMPs and SMPCs and provides a preliminary discussion and useful reference for the research and application of 4D-printed SMPs and SMPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu Yan
- Centre for Composite Materials and Structures,
Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT), No.2 Yikuang Street, Harbin 150000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fenghua Zhang
- Centre for Composite Materials and Structures,
Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT), No.2 Yikuang Street, Harbin 150000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lan Luo
- Centre for Composite Materials and Structures,
Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT), No.2 Yikuang Street, Harbin 150000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Linlin Wang
- Centre for Composite Materials and Structures,
Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT), No.2 Yikuang Street, Harbin 150000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanju Liu
- Department of Astronautic Science and Mechanics,
Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT), No. 92 West Dazhi Street, Harbin 150000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinsong Leng
- Centre for Composite Materials and Structures,
Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT), No.2 Yikuang Street, Harbin 150000, People’s Republic of China
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10
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Srivastava S, Pandey VK, Singh R, Dar AH. Recent insights on advancements and substantial transformations in food printing technology from 3 to 7D. Food Sci Biotechnol 2023; 32:1783-1804. [PMID: 37781048 PMCID: PMC10541363 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-023-01352-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Food printing using 3D, 4D, and 5D printing processes has received a lot of interest as a result of rising living standards and increased customer desire for new foods. In the food industry, 3D as well as 4D printing are extremely effective methods for additive manufacturing. The 3D printing technology produces flat objects with a variety of mechanical strengths. The strength of the object depends on the type of material used and the printing process. Printing structures with the most complex geometric, such as curved surfaces, necessitates the usage of supplementary material. The 4D printing procedure necessitates additional stimuli in order to adjust the aspect of the generated geometry. These obstacles can be addressed by employing 5D printing techniques, which prints the product in three motions and two rotational axes without the use of additional support material. These emerging innovations are likely to result in substantial advancements in all industries, including the manufacturing of high-quality food products. Food printing technology can be used to create long shelf-life products by printing food with protective coatings that prevent oxidation and degradation. Foods can also be printed in specific shapes or sizes to reduce surface area exposed to air. 6D printed objects can be created as a result of 5D printing because it is regarded as a by-product of 5D printing technology. 6D printing can save time and money by using the right processing parameters to create strong materials that are more sensitive to stimuli. 7D printing can enable more efficient production processes, reduce costs, and enable the development of products that are more complex and intricate than what is achievable with traditional manufacturing methods. The revolutionary change brought by food printing technologies in the field of applications, research and development, processing, advantages in food industry have been discussed in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivangi Srivastava
- Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Vinay Kumar Pandey
- Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh India
- Department of Biotechnology, Axis Institute of Higher Education, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Rahul Singh
- Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Aamir Hussain Dar
- Department of Food Technology, Islamic University of Science and Technology Kashmir, Awantipora, India
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11
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Song Q, Chen Y, Slesarenko V, Zhu P, Hamza A, Hou P, Helmer D, Kotz-Helmer F, Rapp BE. 4D Printed Shape-Memory Elastomer for Thermally Programmable Soft Actuators. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:40923-40932. [PMID: 37595953 PMCID: PMC10472330 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c07436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
Polymeric shape-memory elastomers can recover to a permeant shape from any programmed deformation under external stimuli. They are mostly cross-linked polymeric materials and can be shaped by three-dimensional (3D) printing. However, 3D printed shape-memory polymers so far only exhibit elasticity above their transition temperature, which results in their programmed shape being inelastic or brittle at lower temperatures. To date, 3D printed shape-memory elastomers with elasticity both below and above their transition temperature remain an elusive goal, which limits the application of shape-memory materials as elastic materials at low temperatures. In this paper, we printed, for the first time, a custom-developed shape-memory elastomer based on polyethylene glycol using digital light processing, which possesses elasticity and stretchability in a wide temperature range, below and above the transition temperature. Young's modulus in these two states can vary significantly, with a difference of up to 2 orders of magnitude. This marked difference in Young's modulus imparts excellent shape-memory properties to the material. The difference in Young's modulus at different temperatures allows for the programming of the pneumatic actuators by heating and softening specific areas. Consequently, a single actuator can exhibit distinct movement modes based on the programming process it undergoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingchuan Song
- Laboratory
of Process Technology, Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), NeptunLab, Georges-Köhler-Allee 103, Freiburg 79110, Germany
- Cluster
of Excellence livMatS @ FIT – Freiburg Center for Interactive
Materials and Bioinspired Technologies, University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, D-79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Yunong Chen
- Laboratory
of Process Technology, Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), NeptunLab, Georges-Köhler-Allee 103, Freiburg 79110, Germany
| | - Viacheslav Slesarenko
- Cluster
of Excellence livMatS @ FIT – Freiburg Center for Interactive
Materials and Bioinspired Technologies, University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, D-79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Pang Zhu
- Laboratory
of Process Technology, Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), NeptunLab, Georges-Köhler-Allee 103, Freiburg 79110, Germany
| | - Ahmed Hamza
- Laboratory
of Process Technology, Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), NeptunLab, Georges-Köhler-Allee 103, Freiburg 79110, Germany
| | - Peilong Hou
- Laboratory
of Process Technology, Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), NeptunLab, Georges-Köhler-Allee 103, Freiburg 79110, Germany
| | - Dorothea Helmer
- Laboratory
of Process Technology, Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), NeptunLab, Georges-Köhler-Allee 103, Freiburg 79110, Germany
- Cluster
of Excellence livMatS @ FIT – Freiburg Center for Interactive
Materials and Bioinspired Technologies, University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, D-79110 Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg
Materials Research Center (FMF), University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79085, Germany
| | - Frederik Kotz-Helmer
- Laboratory
of Process Technology, Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), NeptunLab, Georges-Köhler-Allee 103, Freiburg 79110, Germany
- Freiburg
Materials Research Center (FMF), University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79085, Germany
| | - Bastian E. Rapp
- Laboratory
of Process Technology, Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), NeptunLab, Georges-Köhler-Allee 103, Freiburg 79110, Germany
- Cluster
of Excellence livMatS @ FIT – Freiburg Center for Interactive
Materials and Bioinspired Technologies, University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, D-79110 Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg
Materials Research Center (FMF), University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79085, Germany
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12
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Li S, Lyu H, Wang Y, Kong X, Wu X, Zhang L, Guo X, Zhang D. Two-Way Reversible Shape Memory Behavior of Chitosan/Glycerol Film Triggered by Water. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15102380. [PMID: 37242956 DOI: 10.3390/polym15102380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Reversible shape memory polymers (SRMPs) have been identified as having great potential for biomedical applications due to their ability to switch between different shapes responding to stimuli. In this paper, a chitosan/glycerol (CS/GL) film with a reversible shape memory behavior was prepared, and the reversible shape memory effect (SME) and its mechanism were systematically investigated. The film with 40% glycerin/chitosan mass ratio demonstrated the best performance, with 95.7% shape recovery ratio to temporary shape one and 89.4% shape recovery ratio to temporary shape two. Moreover, it shows the capability to undergo four consecutive shape memory cycles. In addition, a new curvature measurement method was used to accurately calculate the shape recovery ratio. The suction and discharge of free water change the binding form of the hydrogen bonds inside the material, which makes a great reversible shape memory impact on the composite film. The incorporation of glycerol can enhance the precision and repeatability of the reversible shape memory effect and shortens the time used during this process. This paper gives a hypothetical premise to the preparation of two-way reversible shape memory polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuozi Li
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Wooden Materials, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Hu Lyu
- Institute of Petrochemistry, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150036, China
| | - Yujia Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Wooden Materials, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Xianzhi Kong
- Institute of Petrochemistry, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150036, China
| | - Xiangxian Wu
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Wooden Materials, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Lina Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Wooden Materials, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Xiaojuan Guo
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Wooden Materials, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Dawei Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Wooden Materials, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
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13
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Jin K, Wang L, Zhang K, Ramaraju H, Hollister SJ, Fan Y. Biodegradation Behavior Control for Shape Memory Polyester Poly(Glycerol-Dodecanoate): An In Vivo and In Vitro Study. Biomacromolecules 2023. [PMID: 37129908 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Poly(glycerol-dodecanoate) (PGD) has garnered increasing attention in biomedical engineering for its degradability, shape memory, and rubber-like mechanical properties. Adjustable degradation is important for biodegradable implants and is affected by various aspects, including material properties, mechanical environments, temperature, pH, and enzyme catalysis. The crosslinking and chain length characteristics of poly(lactic acid) and poly(caprolactone) have been widely used to adjust the in vivo degradation rate. The PGD degradation rate is affected by its crosslink density in in vitro hydrolysis; however, there is no difference in vivo. We believe that this phenomenon is caused by the differences in enzymatic conditions in vitro and in vivo. In this study, it is found that the degradation products of PGD with different molar ratios of hydroxyl and carboxyl (MRH/C) exhibit varied pH values, affecting the enzyme activity and thus achieving different degradation rates. The in vivo degradation of PGD is characterized by surface erosion, and its mass decreases linearly with degradation duration. The degradation duration of PGD is linearly extrapolated from 9-18 weeks when MRH/C is in the range of 2.00-0.75, providing a protocol for adjusting the degradation durations of subsequent implants made by PGD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixiang Jin
- Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology (Beihang University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Lizhen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology (Beihang University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Kuo Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Harsha Ramaraju
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, 313 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Scott J Hollister
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, 313 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Yubo Fan
- Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology (Beihang University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China
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14
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Ceamanos L, Mulder DJ, Kahveci Z, López-Valdeolivas M, Schenning APHJ, Sánchez-Somolinos C. Photomechanical response under physiological conditions of azobenzene-containing 4D-printed liquid crystal elastomer actuators. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:4083-4094. [PMID: 37092961 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb02757g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Soft and mechanically responsive actuators hold the promise to revolutionize the design and manufacturing of devices in the areas of microfluidics, soft robotics and biomedical engineering. In many of these applications, the actuators need to operate in a wet environment that can strongly affect their performance. In this paper, we report on the photomechanical response in a biological buffer of azobenzene-containing liquid crystal elastomer (LCE)-based actuators, prepared by four-dimensional (4D) printing. Although the photothermal contribution to the photoresponse is largely cancelled by the heat withdrawing capacity of the employed buffer, a significant photoinduced reversible contraction, in the range of 7% of its initial length, has been achieved under load, taking just a few seconds to reach half of the maximum contraction. Effective photomechanical work performance under physiological conditions has, therefore, been demonstrated in the 4D-printed actuators. Advantageously, the photomechanical response is not sensitive to salts present in the buffer differently to hydrogels with responses highly dependent on the fluid composition. Our work highlights the capabilities of photomechanical actuators, created using 4D printing, when operating under physiological conditions, thus showing their potential for application in the microfluidics and biomedical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Ceamanos
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Zaragoza, 50009, Spain.
| | - Dirk J Mulder
- Laboratory of Stimuli-responsive Functional Materials and Devices (SFD), Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Zehra Kahveci
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Zaragoza, 50009, Spain.
| | - María López-Valdeolivas
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Zaragoza, 50009, Spain.
| | - Albert P H J Schenning
- Laboratory of Stimuli-responsive Functional Materials and Devices (SFD), Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Carlos Sánchez-Somolinos
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Zaragoza, 50009, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
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15
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Zhang W, Chen S, Chen S, Wang G, Han S, Guo J, Yang L, Hu J. Physical cross-linked aliphatic polycarbonate with shape-memory and self-healing properties. J Mol Liq 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2023.121798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
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16
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Wang X, Li Z. Role of heating rate on the triple-shape memory effect of amorphous polymers: A cooperative thermodynamic model. POLYMER 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2023.125931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
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17
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Predicting the Mechanical Properties of Polyurethane Elastomers Using Machine Learning. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-022-2838-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
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18
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Uboldi M, Perrotta C, Moscheni C, Zecchini S, Napoli A, Castiglioni C, Gazzaniga A, Melocchi A, Zema L. Insights into the Safety and Versatility of 4D Printed Intravesical Drug Delivery Systems. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15030757. [PMID: 36986618 PMCID: PMC10057729 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15030757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper focuses on recent advancements in the development of 4D printed drug delivery systems (DDSs) for the intravesical administration of drugs. By coupling the effectiveness of local treatments with major compliance and long-lasting performance, they would represent a promising innovation for the current treatment of bladder pathologies. Being based on a shape-memory pharmaceutical-grade polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), these DDSs are manufactured in a bulky shape, can be programmed to take on a collapsed one suitable for insertion into a catheter and re-expand inside the target organ, following exposure to biological fluids at body temperature, while releasing their content. The biocompatibility of prototypes made of PVAs of different molecular weight, either uncoated or coated with Eudragit®-based formulations, was assessed by excluding relevant in vitro toxicity and inflammatory response using bladder cancer and human monocytic cell lines. Moreover, the feasibility of a novel configuration was preliminarily investigated, targeting the development of prototypes provided with inner reservoirs to be filled with different drug-containing formulations. Samples entailing two cavities, filled during the printing process, were successfully fabricated and showed, in simulated urine at body temperature, potential for controlled release, while maintaining the ability to recover about 70% of their original shape within 3 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Uboldi
- Sezione di Tecnologia e Legislazione Farmaceutiche “Maria Edvige Sangalli”, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Giuseppe Colombo 71, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Cristiana Perrotta
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Cliniche, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Giovanni Battista Grassi 74, 20157 Milano, Italy
| | - Claudia Moscheni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Cliniche, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Giovanni Battista Grassi 74, 20157 Milano, Italy
| | - Silvia Zecchini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Cliniche, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Giovanni Battista Grassi 74, 20157 Milano, Italy
| | - Alessandra Napoli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Cliniche, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Giovanni Battista Grassi 74, 20157 Milano, Italy
| | - Chiara Castiglioni
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Gazzaniga
- Sezione di Tecnologia e Legislazione Farmaceutiche “Maria Edvige Sangalli”, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Giuseppe Colombo 71, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Alice Melocchi
- Sezione di Tecnologia e Legislazione Farmaceutiche “Maria Edvige Sangalli”, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Giuseppe Colombo 71, 20133 Milano, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-02-50324654
| | - Lucia Zema
- Sezione di Tecnologia e Legislazione Farmaceutiche “Maria Edvige Sangalli”, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Giuseppe Colombo 71, 20133 Milano, Italy
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19
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Zhang L, Hanif M, Li J, Shah AH, Hussain W, Zhang G. Fused Deposition Modeling and Characterization of Heat Shape Memory Poly(lactic) Acid-Based Porous Vascular Scaffold. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15020390. [PMID: 36679272 PMCID: PMC9866565 DOI: 10.3390/polym15020390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Shape memory polymers have received widespread attention from researchers because of their low density, shape variety, responsiveness to the environment, and transparency. This study deals with heat-shape memory polymers (SMPs) based on polylactic acid (PLA) for designing and fabricating a novel porous vascular scaffold to treat vascular restenosis. The solid isotropic material penalization method (SIMP) was applied to optimize the vascular scaffolds. Based on the torsional torque loading of Hyperworks Optistruct and the boundary conditions, the topological optimization model of a vascular scaffold unit was established. Forward and reverse hybrid modeling technology was applied to complete the final stent structure's assembly. The glass transition temperature for the present SMPs is 42.15 °C. With the increase in temperature, the ultimate tensile strength of the SMPs is reduced from 29.5 MPa to 11.6 MPa. The maximum modulus at room temperature was around 34 MPa. Stress relaxation curves show that the material classification is a "thermoset" polymer. The superb mechanical properties, the transition temperature of the SMPs, and the recovery ratio made it a feasible candidate for a vascular scaffold. A circular tube based on the shape memory polymers was presented as an example for analyzing the recovery ratio in an unfolding state. A higher recovery ratio was obtained at a temperature of 65 °C with a tube thickness of 2 mm. Finally, the proposed porous vascular scaffold was successfully fabricated, assessed, and compared with the original and previously developed vascular scaffolds. The proposed scaffold structure regains its initial shape with a recovery ratio of 98% (recovery temperature of 47 °C) in 16 s. The tensile strength, Young's modulus, and bending strength of the proposed scaffold were 29.5 MPa, 695.4 MPa, and 6.02 MPa, respectively. The results showed that the proposed scaffold could be regarded as a potential candidate for a vascular implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Faculty of Mechanical Design and Vehicle Engineering, School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Correspondence: (L.Z.); (M.H.)
| | - Muhammad Hanif
- Faculty of Mechanical Design and Vehicle Engineering, School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Correspondence: (L.Z.); (M.H.)
| | - Jiacheng Li
- Faculty of Mechanical Design and Vehicle Engineering, School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Abdul Hakim Shah
- Department of Physics, Khushal Khan Khattak University, Karak 27200, Pakistan
| | - Wajid Hussain
- Advanced Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Centre, School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Sciences and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Guotao Zhang
- Faculty of Mechanical Design and Vehicle Engineering, School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
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20
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Zhao W, Yue C, Liu L, Liu Y, Leng J. Research Progress of Shape Memory Polymer and 4D Printing in Biomedical Application. Adv Healthc Mater 2022:e2201975. [PMID: 36520058 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202201975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
As a kind of smart material, shape memory polymer (SMP) shows great application potential in the biomedical field. Compared with traditional metal-based medical devices, SMP-based devices have the following characteristics: 1) The adaptive ability allows the biomedical device to better match the surrounding tissue after being implanted into the body by minimally invasive implantation; 2) it has better biocompatibility and adjustable biodegradability; 3) mechanical properties can be regulated in a large range to better match with the surrounding tissue. 4D printing technology is a comprehensive technology based on smart materials and 3D printing, which has great application value in the biomedical field. 4D printing technology breaks through the technical bottleneck of personalized customization and provides a new opportunity for the further development of the biomedical field. This paper summarizes the application of SMP and 4D printing technology in the field of bone tissue scaffolds, tracheal scaffolds, and drug release, etc. Moreover, this paper analyzes the existing problems and prospects, hoping to provide a preliminary discussion and useful reference for the application of SMP in biomedical engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhao
- Department of Astronautical Science and Mechanics, Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT), P.O. Box 301, No. 92 West Dazhi Street, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Chengbin Yue
- Department of Astronautical Science and Mechanics, Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT), P.O. Box 301, No. 92 West Dazhi Street, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Liwu Liu
- Department of Astronautical Science and Mechanics, Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT), P.O. Box 301, No. 92 West Dazhi Street, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Yanju Liu
- Department of Astronautical Science and Mechanics, Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT), P.O. Box 301, No. 92 West Dazhi Street, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Jinsong Leng
- Center for Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT), P.O. Box 3011, No. 2 Yikuang Street, Harbin, 150080, P. R. China
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21
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Yang Y, Wang C, Zhou W, Xiao Y, Wang L, Liu X, Zhou S, Li D, Liu Y, Zhou C. Recyclable shape memory polymers with independent honeycomb crosslinked polymer actuators and temperature response switches inspired by bow principle. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.53166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yang
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion Materials China Three Gorges University Yichang China
| | - Chune Wang
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion Materials China Three Gorges University Yichang China
| | - Wenyan Zhou
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion Materials China Three Gorges University Yichang China
| | - Yu Xiao
- Department of Civil Engineering, College of Mechanics and Engineering Science Shanghai University Shanghai China
| | - Lei Wang
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion Materials China Three Gorges University Yichang China
| | - Xiang Liu
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion Materials China Three Gorges University Yichang China
| | - Shiyi Zhou
- College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Chengdu University of Technology Chengdu People's Republic of China
| | - Dejiang Li
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion Materials China Three Gorges University Yichang China
| | - Yang Liu
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion Materials China Three Gorges University Yichang China
| | - Changlin Zhou
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion Materials China Three Gorges University Yichang China
- Department of Research and Development Hubei Three Gorges Laboratory Yichang China
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22
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Shape Memory Polymers as Smart Materials: A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14173511. [PMID: 36080587 PMCID: PMC9460797 DOI: 10.3390/polym14173511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymer smart materials are a broad class of polymeric materials that can change their shapes, mechanical responses, light transmissions, controlled releases, and other functional properties under external stimuli. A good understanding of the aspects controlling various types of shape memory phenomena in shape memory polymers (SMPs), such as polymer structure, stimulus effect and many others, is not only important for the preparation of new SMPs with improved performance, but is also useful for the optimization of the current ones to expand their application field. In the present era, simple understanding of the activation mechanisms, the polymer structure, the effect of the modification of the polymer structure on the activation process using fillers or solvents to develop new reliable SMPs with improved properties, long lifetime, fast response, and the ability to apply them under hard conditions in any environment, is considered to be an important topic. Moreover, good understanding of the activation mechanism of the two-way shape memory effect in SMPs for semi-crystalline polymers and liquid crystalline elastomers is the main key required for future investigations. In this article, the principles of the three basic types of external stimuli (heat, chemicals, light) and their key parameters that affect the efficiency of the SMPs are reviewed in addition to several prospective applications.
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Abstract
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Recent decades have
seen substantial interest in the development
and application of biocompatible shape memory polymers (SMPs), a class
of “smart materials” that can respond to external stimuli.
Although many studies have used SMP platforms triggered by thermal
or photothermal events to study cell mechanobiology, SMPs triggered
by cell activity have not yet been demonstrated. In a previous work,
we developed an SMP that can respond directly to enzymatic activity.
Here, our goal was to build on that work by demonstrating enzymatic
triggering of an SMP in response to the presence of enzyme-secreting
human cells. To achieve this phenomenon, poly(ε-caprolactone)
(PCL) and Pellethane were dual electrospun to form a fiber mat, where
PCL acted as a shape-fixing component that is labile to lipase, an
enzyme secreted by multiple cell types including HepG2 (human hepatic
cancer) cells, and Pellethane acted as a shape memory component that
is enzymatically stable. Cell-responsive shape memory performance
and cytocompatibility were quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed
by thermal analysis (thermal gravimetric analysis and differential
scanning calorimetry), surface morphology analysis (scanning electron
microscopy), and by incubation with HepG2 cells in the presence or
absence of heparin (an anticoagulant drug present in the human liver
that increases the secretion of hepatic lipase). The results characterize
the shape-memory functionality of the material and demonstrate successful
cell-responsive shape recovery with greater than 90% cell viability.
Collectively, the results provide the first demonstration of a cytocompatible
SMP responding to a trigger that is cellular in origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjiang Chen
- BioInspired Syracuse: Institute for Material and Living Systems, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States.,Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
| | - Lauren E Hamilton
- BioInspired Syracuse: Institute for Material and Living Systems, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States.,Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
| | - Patrick T Mather
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Penn State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - James H Henderson
- BioInspired Syracuse: Institute for Material and Living Systems, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States.,Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
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24
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Qiu T, Xu G, Li X, Guo L. Synthesis of poly(lactic acid)-based macro-porous foams with thermo-active shape memory property via W/O high internal phase emulsion polymerization. Colloid Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-022-04952-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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25
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Ghazal AF, Zhang M, Mujumdar AS, Ghamry M. Progress in 4D/5D/6D printing of foods: applications and R&D opportunities. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:7399-7422. [PMID: 35225117 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2045896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
4D printing is a result of 3D printing of smart materials which respond to diverse stimuli to produce novel products. 4D printing has been applied successfully to many fields, e.g., engineering, medical devices, computer components, food processing, etc. The last two years have seen a significant increase in studies on 4D as well as 5D and 6D food printing. This paper reviews and summarizes current applications, benefits, limitations, and challenges of 4D food printing. In addition, the principles, current, and potential applications of the latest additive manufacturing technologies (5D and 6D printing) are reviewed and discussed. Presently, 4D food printing applications have mainly focused on achieving desirable color, shape, flavor, and nutritional properties of 3D printed materials. Moreover, it is noted that 5D and 6D printing can in principle print very complex structures with improved strength and less material than do 3D and 4D printing. In future, these new technologies are expected to result in significant innovations in all fields, including the production of high quality food products which cannot be produced with current processing technologies. The objective of this review is to identify industrial potential of 4D printing and for further innovation utilizing 5D and 6D printing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Fathy Ghazal
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Agricultural Engineering Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Province International Joint Laboratory on Fresh Food Smart Processing and Quality Monitoring, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Arun S Mujumdar
- Department of Bioresource Engineering, Macdonald College, McGill University, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mohamed Ghamry
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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26
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Herath M, Emmanuel C, Jeewantha J, Epaarachchi J, Leng J. Distributed sensing based real‐time process monitoring of shape memory polymer components. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.52247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Madhubhashitha Herath
- Centre for Future Materials University of Southern Queensland Toowoomba Queensland Australia
- Department of Engineering Technology, Faculty of Technological Studies Uva Wellassa University Badulla Sri Lanka
| | - Chris Emmanuel
- Centre for Future Materials University of Southern Queensland Toowoomba Queensland Australia
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Health Engineering and Sciences University of Southern Queensland Toowoomba Queensland Australia
| | - Janitha Jeewantha
- Centre for Future Materials University of Southern Queensland Toowoomba Queensland Australia
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Health Engineering and Sciences University of Southern Queensland Toowoomba Queensland Australia
| | - Jayantha Epaarachchi
- Centre for Future Materials University of Southern Queensland Toowoomba Queensland Australia
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Health Engineering and Sciences University of Southern Queensland Toowoomba Queensland Australia
| | - Jinsong Leng
- Center for Composite Materials and Structures Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China
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27
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Krause J, Brokmann F, Rosenbaum C, Weitschies W. The challenges of drug delivery to the esophagus and how to overcome them. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2022; 19:119-131. [DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2022.2033206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julius Krause
- University of Greifswald, Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Center of Drug Absorption and Transport, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 3, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Friederike Brokmann
- University of Greifswald, Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Center of Drug Absorption and Transport, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 3, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Christoph Rosenbaum
- University of Greifswald, Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Center of Drug Absorption and Transport, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 3, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Werner Weitschies
- University of Greifswald, Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Center of Drug Absorption and Transport, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 3, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
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28
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Nanocomposite electrospun fibers of poly(ε-caprolactone)/bioactive glass with shape memory properties. Bioact Mater 2022; 11:230-239. [PMID: 34977428 PMCID: PMC8668438 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Electrospun fibers of shape memory triethoxysilane-terminated poly(epsilon-caprolactone) (PCL-TES) loaded with bioactive glasses (BG) are here presented. Unloaded PCL-TES, as well as PCL/BG nanocomposite fibers, are also considered for comparison. It is proposed that hydrolysis and condensation reactions take place between triethoxysilane groups of the polymer and the silanol groups at the BG particle surface, thus generating additional crosslinking points with respect to those present in the PCL-TES system. The as-spun PCL-TES/BG fibers display excellent shape memory properties, in terms of shape fixity and shape recovery ratios, without the need of a thermal crosslinking treatment. BG particles confer in vitro bioactivity to PCL-based nanocomposite fibers and favor the precipitation of hydroxycarbonate apatite on the fiber surface. Preliminary cytocompatibility tests demonstrate that the addition of BG particles to PCL-based polymer does not inhibit ST-2 cell viability. This novel approach of using bioactive glasses not only for their biological properties, but also for the enhancement of shape memory properties of PCL-based polymers, widens the versatility and suitability of the obtained composite fibers for a huge portfolio of biomedical applications.
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29
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He E, Yao Y, Zhang Y, Wei Y, Ji Y. Reprocessing of Vitrimer. ACTA CHIMICA SINICA 2022. [DOI: 10.6023/a22020072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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30
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Shape Memory Materials from Rubbers. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14237216. [PMID: 34885377 PMCID: PMC8658094 DOI: 10.3390/ma14237216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Smart materials are much discussed in the current research scenario. The shape memory effect is one of the most fascinating occurrences in smart materials, both in terms of the phenomenon and its applications. Many metal alloys and polymers exhibit the shape memory effect (SME). Shape memory properties of elastomers, such as rubbers, polyurethanes, and other elastomers, are discussed in depth in this paper. The theory, factors impacting, and key uses of SME elastomers are all covered in this article. SME has been observed in a variety of elastomers and composites. Shape fixity and recovery rate are normally analysed through thermomechanical cycle studies to understand the effectiveness of SMEs. Polymer properties such as chain length, and the inclusion of fillers, such as clays, nanoparticles, and second phase polymers, will have a direct influence on the shape memory effect. The article discusses these aspects in a simple and concise manner.
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31
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Shi M, Yeatman EM. A comparative review of artificial muscles for microsystem applications. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2021; 7:95. [PMID: 34858630 PMCID: PMC8611050 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-021-00323-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Artificial muscles are capable of generating actuation in microsystems with outstanding compliance. Recent years have witnessed a growing academic interest in artificial muscles and their application in many areas, such as soft robotics and biomedical devices. This paper aims to provide a comparative review of recent advances in artificial muscle based on various operating mechanisms. The advantages and limitations of each operating mechanism are analyzed and compared. According to the unique application requirements and electrical and mechanical properties of the muscle types, we suggest suitable artificial muscle mechanisms for specific microsystem applications. Finally, we discuss potential strategies for energy delivery, conversion, and storage to promote the energy autonomy of microrobotic systems at a system level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayue Shi
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London, SW7 2AZ UK
| | - Eric M. Yeatman
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London, SW7 2AZ UK
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32
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Alshebly YS, Nafea M, Mohamed Ali MS, Almurib HA. Review on recent advances in 4D printing of shape memory polymers. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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33
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Basak S, Bandyopadhyay A. Solvent Responsive Shape Memory Polymers‐ Evolution, Current Status, and Future Outlook. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202100195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sayan Basak
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology University of Calcutta 92, A.P.C Road Kolkata West Bengal 700 009 India
| | - Abhijit Bandyopadhyay
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology University of Calcutta 92, A.P.C Road Kolkata West Bengal 700 009 India
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34
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Controlling tackiness of shape memory polyurethanes for textile applications. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-021-02687-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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35
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Zhou Y, Zhou D, Cao P, Zhang X, Wang Q, Wang T, Li Z, He W, Ju J, Zhang Y. 4D Printing of Shape Memory Vascular Stent Based on βCD-g-Polycaprolactone. Macromol Rapid Commun 2021; 42:e2100176. [PMID: 34121258 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202100176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The 4D-printing technology is applied to fabricate a shape memory peripheral stent with good biocompatibility, which sustains long-term drug release. The star polymer s-PCL is prepared by ring opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone with the -OH of β-cyclodextrin (βCD) as initiator, and then the s-PCL is modified with acrylate endgroup which allows the polymerization under UV light to form the crosslinking network c-PCL. Attributed to the feature of the high crosslinked structure and chemical nature of polycaprolactone (PCL) and βCD, the composite exhibits appropriate tensile strength and sufficient elasticity and bursting pressure, and it is comparable with great saphenous vein in human body. The radial support of the 4D-printed stent is 0.56 ± 0.11 N and is equivalent to that of commercial stent. The cell adhesion and proliferation results show a good biocompatibility of the stent with human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Due to the presence of βCD, the wettability and biocompatibility of the materials are improved, and the sustained paclitaxel release based on the host-guest complexion shows the potential of the drug-loaded stent for long-term release. This study provides a new strategy to solve the urgent need of small-diameter scaffolds to treat critical limb ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyi Zhou
- Vascular Surgery Department, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Wear and Protection of Materials, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Dong Zhou
- Vascular Surgery Department, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Pengrui Cao
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Wear and Protection of Materials, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China.,Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xinrui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Wear and Protection of Materials, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China.,Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Qihua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Wear and Protection of Materials, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China.,Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Tingmei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Wear and Protection of Materials, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China.,Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Zhaolong Li
- Vascular Surgery Department, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Wenyang He
- Vascular Surgery Department, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Junping Ju
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Yaoming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Wear and Protection of Materials, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China.,Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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36
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Lai S, Chen Y, Yu B. Preparation and characterization of two‐way shape memory olefin block copolymer/silicone elastomeric blends. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.51238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sun‐Mou Lai
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering National I‐Lan University I‐Lan Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yen‐Ju Chen
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering National I‐Lan University I‐Lan Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ben‐Yi Yu
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering National I‐Lan University I‐Lan Taiwan, ROC
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37
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Alauzen T, Ross S, Madbouly S. Biodegradable shape-memory polymers and composites. PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVIEWS 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2020-0077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Polymers have recently been making media headlines in various negative ways. To combat the negative view of those with no polymer experience, sustainable and biodegradable materials are constantly being researched. Shape-memory polymers, also known as SMPs, are a type of polymer material that is being extensively researched in the polymer industry. These SMPs can exhibit a change in shape because of an external stimulus. SMPs that are biodegradable or biocompatible are used extensively in medical applications. The use of biodegradable SMPs in the medical field has also led to research of the material in other applications. The following categories used to describe SMPs are discussed: net points, composition, stimulus, and shape-memory function. The addition of fillers or additives to the polymer matrix makes the SMP a polymer composite. Currently, biodegradable fillers are at the forefront of research because of the demand for sustainability. Common biodegradable fillers or fibers used in polymer composites are discussed in this chapter including Cordenka, hemp, and flax. Some other nonbiodegradable fillers commonly used in polymer composites are evaluated including clay, carbon nanotubes, bioactive glass, and Kevlar. The polymer and filler phase differences will be evaluated in this chapter. The recent advances in biodegradable shape-memory polymers and composites will provide a more positive perspective of the polymer industry and help to attain a more sustainable future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanner Alauzen
- Plastics Engineering Technology , Penn State Behrend , Erie , USA
| | - Shaelyn Ross
- Plastics Engineering Technology , Penn State Behrend , Erie , USA
| | - Samy Madbouly
- Plastics Engineering Technology , Penn State Behrend , Erie , USA
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38
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Kirillova A, Yeazel TR, Asheghali D, Petersen SR, Dort S, Gall K, Becker ML. Fabrication of Biomedical Scaffolds Using Biodegradable Polymers. Chem Rev 2021; 121:11238-11304. [PMID: 33856196 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Degradable polymers are used widely in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Maturing capabilities in additive manufacturing coupled with advances in orthogonal chemical functionalization methodologies have enabled a rapid evolution of defect-specific form factors and strategies for designing and creating bioactive scaffolds. However, these defect-specific scaffolds, especially when utilizing degradable polymers as the base material, present processing challenges that are distinct and unique from other classes of materials. The goal of this review is to provide a guide for the fabrication of biodegradable polymer-based scaffolds that includes the complete pathway starting from selecting materials, choosing the correct fabrication method, and considering the requirements for tissue specific applications of the scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Kirillova
- Thomas Lord Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Taylor R Yeazel
- Thomas Lord Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Darya Asheghali
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Shannon R Petersen
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Sophia Dort
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Ken Gall
- Thomas Lord Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Matthew L Becker
- Thomas Lord Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States.,Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States.,Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
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39
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Khorsandi D, Fahimipour A, Abasian P, Saber SS, Seyedi M, Ghanavati S, Ahmad A, De Stephanis AA, Taghavinezhaddilami F, Leonova A, Mohammadinejad R, Shabani M, Mazzolai B, Mattoli V, Tay FR, Makvandi P. 3D and 4D printing in dentistry and maxillofacial surgery: Printing techniques, materials, and applications. Acta Biomater 2021; 122:26-49. [PMID: 33359299 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.12.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
3D and 4D printing are cutting-edge technologies for precise and expedited manufacturing of objects ranging from plastic to metal. Recent advances in 3D and 4D printing technologies in dentistry and maxillofacial surgery enable dentists to custom design and print surgical drill guides, temporary and permanent crowns and bridges, orthodontic appliances and orthotics, implants, mouthguards for drug delivery. In the present review, different 3D printing technologies available for use in dentistry are highlighted together with a critique on the materials available for printing. Recent reports of the application of these printed platformed are highlighted to enable readers appreciate the progress in 3D/4D printing in dentistry.
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40
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Machine learning assisted discovery of new thermoset shape memory polymers based on a small training dataset. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2020.123351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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41
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A Mechanical Analysis of Chemically Stimulated Linear Shape Memory Polymer Actuation. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14030481. [PMID: 33498441 PMCID: PMC7864201 DOI: 10.3390/ma14030481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In the present work, we study the role of programming strain (50% and 100%), end loads (0, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 MPa), and chemical environments (acetone, ethanol, and water) on the exploitable stroke of linear shape memory polymer (SMP) actuators made from ESTANE ETE 75DT3 (SMP‑E). Dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) shows how the uptake of solvents results in a decrease in the glass temperature of the molecular switch component of SMP-E. A novel in situ technique allows chemically studying triggered shape recovery as a function of time. It is found that the velocity of actuation decreases in the order acetone > ethanol > water, while the exploitable strokes shows the inverse tendency and increases in the order water > ethanol > acetone. The results are interpreted on the basis of the underlying chemical (how solvents affect thermophysical properties) and micromechanical processes (the phenomenological spring dashpot model of Lethersich type rationalizes the behavior). The study provides initial data which can be used for micromechanical modeling of chemically triggered actuation of SMPs. The results are discussed in the light of underlying chemical and mechanical elementary processes, and areas in need of further work are highlighted.
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42
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Peng K, Zhao Y, Shahab S, Mirzaeifar R. Ductile Shape-Memory Polymer Composite with Enhanced Shape Recovery Ability. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:58295-58300. [PMID: 33337851 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c18413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, shape-memory polymers (SMPs) have received extensive attention to be used as actuators in a broad range of applications such as medical and robotic devices. Their ability to recover large deformations and their capability to be stimulated remotely have made SMPs a superior choice among different smart materials in various applications. In this study, a ductile SMP composite with enhanced shape recovery ability is synthesized and characterized. This SMP composite is made by a mixture of acrylate-based crosslinkers and monomers, as well as polystyrene (PS) with UV curing. The composite can achieve almost 100% shape recovery in 2 s by hot water or hot air. This shape recovery speed is much faster than typical acrylate-based SMPs. In addition, the composite shows excellent ductility and viscoelasticity with reduced hardness. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are performed for understanding the curing mechanism of this composite. With the combination of the experimental and computational works, this study paves the way in front of designing and optimizing the future SMP devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyuan Peng
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Yao Zhao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Shima Shahab
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Reza Mirzaeifar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
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Sun L, Gao X, Wu D, Guo Q. Advances in Physiologically Relevant Actuation of Shape Memory Polymers for Biomedical Applications. POLYM REV 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/15583724.2020.1825487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luyao Sun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xu Gao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Decheng Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiongyu Guo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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