Therapeutic applications of dental pulp stem cells in regenerating dental, periodontal and oral-related structures

Table 1 Preclinical studies obtained from the PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar databases related to dentin-pulp complex regeneration using dental pulp stem cells

Ref.	Strategy	Model	Defect/site of cell implantation	Cell number	Cell source	Cell application
Wang et al[11], 2011	Scaffold-based	Nude mice	Subcutaneous implantation	1 × 106	hDPSCs	Loaded on the top surface of the scaffold
Pan et al[12], 2013	Scaffold-based	Nude mice	Subcutaneous implantation	1 × 106	DP progenitors	Mixed with collagen sponge sheets and SCF
Horibe et al[13], 2014	Scaffold-based	SCID mice	Subcutaneous implantation	1 × 106	hDPSCs	Loaded into human tooth root model
Chaudhary et al[14], 2016	Scaffold-based	Nude mice/ nude rats	Subcutaneous implantation/ first molar root canal	8 × 106	hDPSCs	Loaded into rabbit molar pulp cavity/ cell injection into root canals
Zhang et al[15], 2017	Scaffold-base	Nude mice	Subcutaneous implantation	Not detected	hDPSCs	Mixed with porous calcium phosphate cement

hDPSCs: Human dental pulp stem cells; SCF: Stem cell factor; SCID: Severe combined immunodeficiency.