Comparison of functional outcomes after retropubic, laparoscopic and robot-assisted radical prostatectomy: A meta-analysis

Table 4 Comparative studies evaluating potency recovery after retropubic radical prostatectomy or laparoscopic radical prostatectomy

Quality	Case, n	Author, yr	Country	Age (yr)	BMI (kg/m2)	Prostate vol-ume (mL, g)	Gleason sc-ore (biopsy)	PSA (ng/mL)	Study design	Potency definition	Data collection	Loss of follow-up (N/Y, %)	Potency recovery(UNS/BNS),%(n)		Potency recovery(unclear NS), %(n)
													6 mo	12 mo	6 mo	12 mo
3/2/2(H)	RRP, 70	Anastasiadis et al[20], 2003	France	64.8 ± 6.4	-	-	6.1 ± 1.1	11.2 ± 9.7	Prospective	ESI	Nonvalidated	Y, > 20%	-	71.0 (23/33)	-	30.0 (10/33)
	LRP, 230			64.1 ± 6.4			5.8 ± 1.2	10.7 ± 8.8			questionnaire			98.0 (104/106)		41.0 (43/106)
2/2/3(H)	RRP, 33	Roumeguere et al[21], 2003	Belgium	63.9 ± 5.5	-	42.0 ± 20.4	5.4 ± 1.5	10.5 ± 11.5	Prospective	ESI	IIEF-5	N	33.3 (11/33)	54.5 (18/33)	-	-
	LRP, 26			62.5 ± 6.0		37.3 ± 15.6	5.4 ± 1.5	8.6 ± 5.2					34.6 (9/26)	65.3 (17/26)
3/2/3(H)	RRP, 25	Wagner et al[23], 2007	United States	59 ± 6.9	29 ± 4.5	-	-	8.1 ± 6.27	Prospective	ESI	EPIC	N	-	44.0 (11/25)	-	-
	LRP, 37			58 ± 6.9	27 ± 3.0			6.2 ± 4.22						41.0 (15/37)
3/2/2(H)	RRP, 164	Touijer et al[24], 2008	United States	59 (54, 64)	-	-	-	5.3 (4.1, 7.3)	Prospective	ESI	Institutional	N	-	-	-	58.5 (96/164)
	LRP, 132			60 (55, 65)				5.3 (4.0, 7.5)			questionnaire					56.2 (73/130)
3/2/3(H)	RRP, 150	Greco et al[25], 2009	Italy	61.5 (49-74)	29 (25-33)	-	5 (3-7)	6.95 (3.4-10)	Prospective	ESI	IIEF-5	N	-	51.0 (77/150)	-
	LRP, 150			60.5 (45-76)	32 (26-38)		5 (3-7)	6.3 (2.4-10)						66.0a (99/150)
3/2/2(H)	RRP, 102	Dahl et al[26], 2009	United States	59.9	-	-	-	-	Prospective	ESI	Validated	Y, > 20%	-	-	23.0 (18/77)	32.0 (23/73)
	LRP, 104			59.5							questionnaire				37.0 (28/75)	43.0 (33/77)
3/1/2(M)	RRP, 50	Artibani et al[28], 2003	Italy	64.28 ± 6.6	-	-	5.7 ± 1.2	11 ± 9	Retrospective	ESI	Nonvalidated	Y, < 20%	-	-	10.0 (4/40)	-
	LRP, 71			63.14 ± 5.8			5.8 ± 1.3	15.7 ± 17			questionnaire				8.8 (5/57)
4/2/2(H)	RRP, 42	Ghavamian et al[29], 2006	United States	57.8 ± 7.3	28.1	53.2 (19-135)	6.7 ± 1.3	9.9 ± 7.1	Retrospective	ESI	IIEF-5	N	38.1 (16/42)	52.5 (21/40)	-	-
	LRP, 50			60.8 ± 6.1	27.5	40.8 (20-114)	6.4 ± 0.8	7.6 ± 8.0					48.0 (24/50)	64.0 (32/50)
2/1/1(M)	RRP, 128	Springer et al[32], 2013	Germany	57.2 ± 7.4	28.3 ± 2.6	-	-	3.1 ± 1.7	Retrospective	IIEF-5 > 22	IIEF-5	N	-	53.1 (68/128)	-	-
	LRP, 125			56.8 ± 6.7	27.7 ± 3.8			3.2 ± 1.4						74.4a (93/125)
3/2/2(H)	RRP, 143	Magheli et al[33], 2014	Germany	62.6 ± 5.4	-	58 ± 22	-	10.1 ± 11.9	Retrospective	IIEF-5 > 17	Validated	Y, > 20%	-	29.0 (18/62)	-	-
	LRP, 79			62.3 ± 5.7		53 ± 20		9.2 ± 6.9			questionnaire			28.0 (7/25)

^aP < 0.05. RRP: Retropubic radical prostatectomy; LRP: Laparoscopic radical prostatectomy; ESI: Erection sufficient for intercourse; IIEF: International index of erectile function; EPIC: Expanded prostate cancer index composite; UNS: Unilateral nerve sparing; PSA: Prostate-specific antigen; BNS: Bilateral nerve sparing.