Paradigm shift in clubfoot care strategies in Pakistan: A meta-analysis over three decades

Figure 5 Funnel plot of success rate (Ponseti method). A: 20 studies included; pooled mean success approximately 92.3% (high Ponseti focus); I² = 87.5%. No obvious asymmetry observed (visual assessment only; quantitative tests like Egger’s unreliable due to high heterogeneity); B: 15 studies included; pooled relapse approximately 8.7%; I² = 82.3%. No obvious asymmetry observed; C: 18 studies included; pooled age reduction approximately 3.2 months; I² = 90.1%. No obvious asymmetry observed.