Intestinal ultrasound in Crohn’s disease: A systematic review of its role in diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment response

Table 8 Summary of studies evaluating correlation intestinal ultrasound and fecal calprotectin

Ref.	Study type	Biomarkers	IUS comparators	Number of patients	Conclusion
Paredes et al[116], 2022	Prospective	FCP, CRP	BWT, CDS, presence of complications	105 CD	FCP of 100 µg/g reflected IUS activity with sensitivity of 73%, specificity of 71.4%, and PPV of 79.3%
Prentice et al[121], 2022	Case report	FCP		Case-based	Highlighted FCP utility in stricturing CD during pregnancy, complementing IUS findings
Fang et al[117], 2023	Retrospective	ESR, CRP, PLR, MLR, NLR	IBUS-SAS, BWT, CDS, BWS, I-Fat, SES-CD	40 CD	Combining IBUS-SAS with ESR/CRP had the highest AUC (0.912) for active disease detection, with sensitivity of 88% and specificity of 80%
Yzet et al[120], 2024	Prospective	FCP	BWT, CDS	153 CD	FCP < 92.9 µg/g and BWT < 3 mm had high predictive values for mucosal healing (PPV: 96%, specificity: 89%, sensitivity: 77%)

IUS: Intestinal ultrasound; CD: Crohn’s disease; ESR: Erythrocyte sedimentation rate; NLR: Neutrophil-to-lymphocytes ratio; PLR: Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio; IBUS-SAS: International bowel ultrasound segmental activity score; MLR: Monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio; CDS: Color doppler signal; BWT: Bowel wall thickness; BWS: Bowel wall stratification; FCP: Fecal calprotectin; PPV: Positive predictive valve; SES-CD: Simple endoscopic score for Crohn’s disease; CRP: C-reactive protein.