Sinusoidal obstruction syndrome: A systematic review of etiologies, clinical symptoms, and magnetic resonance imaging features

Table 6 Magnetic resonance imaging features of all 256 examinations, n (%)

MRI feature	Number of cases
Heterogeneous signals on T1WI/T2WI	221 (86.3)
Heterogeneous enhancement	189 (73.8)
Ascites	189 (73.8)
Hepatomegaly	167 (65.2)
Narrowing and blurring of intrahepatic IVC	167 (56.6)
Gallbladder wall edema	121 (47.3)
Narrowing of three main hepatic veins	105 (41.1)
Edema around the portal vein, "cuffing"	90 (35.2)
Narrowing and blurring of intrahepatic veins	52 (20.3)
Collateral circulation opens	37 (14.6)
Splenomegaly	32 (12.5)
Narrowing and blurring of portal vein	28 (10.9)
Dilated and twisted small vessels	17 (6.6)
Hypo-intensity on HBP	17 (6.6)
Dilated hepatic arteries	12 (4.7)
"Halo signs" around the hepatic vein and intrahepatic IVC	11 (4.3)
Restricted diffusion	5 (2.0)
Gastrointestinal edema	4 (1.6)
Multiple hyperplasia nodules	2 (0.8)
Caudate lobe enlargement	2 (0.8)
Focal nodules or masses	1 (0.4)
Dilated spleen vein	1 (0.4)

MRI: Magnetic resonance imaging; IVC: Inferior vena cava.