Development and validation of a model to determine risk of refractory benign esophageal strictures

Table 4 Development of a 9-point risk-scoring model to predict refractory benign esophageal strictures

Factor	P	OR	Beta coefficient	Score
Age (yr)
50 ≤ n < 70	0.066	1 (Ref.)	0	0
<50	0.021	1.2-8.6	1.2	1
≥70	0.776	0.4-3.2	0.1	0
Etiology
Achalasia	0.037	1 (Ref.)	0	0
Post-ESD/ESTD	0.004	25.8 (2.9-230.5)	3.3	3
Caustic	0.009	52.3 (2.7-1027.8)	4.0	4
Postoperative	0.006	19.2 (2.3-161.2)	3.0	3
Other	0.216	6.7 (0.3-136.6)	1.9	2
Number of strictures
One	0.042	1 (Ref.)	0	0
Two or more	0.042	3.5 (1.1-11.5)	1.2	1
Length of strictures (cm)
< 2 cm	< 0.001	1 (Ref.)	0	0
≥ 2 cm	< 0.001	6.4 (2.7-15.2)	1.9	2

RBES: Refractory benign esophageal strictures; ESD: Endoscopic submucosal dissection; ESTD: Endoscopic submucosal tunnel dissection.