Life-course management of gestational diabetes mellitus: A narrative review

Figure 8 Timeline-based strategy for preventing recurrence of gestational diabetes mellitus. This infographic illustrates a phased intervention model spanning postpartum to early pregnancy. Above the central timeline are stage-specific strategies: Postpartum (e.g., weight management and lactation), preconception (e.g., nutrition and screening), and early pregnancy [e.g., early oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and targeted therapy]. Bariatric surgery is considered for morbidly obese women (body mass index ≥ 35 kg/m²) with prior recurrence. Light-blue: Lifecycle stages. Deep-blue: Postpartum recovery (e.g., lactation and weight control). Yellow: Health promotion (e.g., physical activity and screening). Purple: Early medical interventions (e.g., early OGTT). Orange: Surgical option pathway (e.g., bariatric surgery for body mass index ≥ 35 kg/m²). OGTT: Oral glucose tolerance test; BMI: Body mass index.