Case Report
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2025.
World J Clin Cases. Aug 16, 2025; 13(23): 106886
Published online Aug 16, 2025. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v13.i23.106886
Figure 3
Figure 3 The diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for refractory ventricular fibrillation during cardiac surgery. VF: Ventricular fibrillation; TEE: Transoesophageal echocardiography; CPB: Cardiopulmonary bypass; CABG: Coronary artery bypass grafting; IABP: Intra-aortic balloon pump; ECMO: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.