Corneal endothelial cells and acoustic cavitation in phacoemulsification

Table 1 The most relevant studies about acoustic cavitation effects and its effects on corneal endothelial cells

Ref.	Journal	Key points
Hsueh et al[3]	Cells	ROS-induced CECs damage has been demonstrated to significantly promote apoptosis and autophagy during phacoemulsification
M Padua et al[12]	Vet Ophthalmol	Oxidative stress plays a major role in CECs damage and ascorbic acid significantly protected CECs during phacoemulsification
Ashush et al[13]	Cancer Res	Acoustic cavitation can generate free radicals, sonoluminescence, high pressure and temperature rise
Holst et al[18]	Curr Eye Res	SOD can inhibit the formation of free radicals during phacoemulsification
Rubowitz et al[19]	Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci	The number of postoperative CECs in the study group treated with ascorbic acid was significantly more
Lee et al[20]	World J Clin Cases	Clinical application of ascorbic acid can prevent CECs damage related to phacoemulsification

CECs: Corneal endothelial cells; SOD: Superoxide dismutase; ROS: Reactive oxygen species.