Research progress on preparation of lateral femoral tunnel and graft fixation in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction

Table 1 Advantages and disadvantages of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction techniques

Technique	Advantages	Disadvantages
Transtibial	Less surgical trauma; few complications[17]	Poor rotational stability of the knee joint; cartilage degeneration occurred earlier after surgery[14]
Anteromedial	The femoral tunnel was accurately positioned; better rotational stability[18,19]	The femoral tunnel is short; breaking the femoral cortex; a risk of injury to the common peroneal nerve[24,25]
Outside-in	Larger tendon-bone interface contact area[22]	Add auxiliary incision
Over-the-top	Reduce femoral inlet graft wear	Need to practice the technique[32,33]