Predictors of bowel damage in the long-term progression of Crohn’s disease

Table 1 Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics of patients, n (%)

Variable	n = 72
Female sex	42 (58.3)
Age at inclusion in yr, mean (SD)	34.41 (± 11.1)
Age at diagnosis in yr
< 16	8 (11.1)
17-40	57 (79.2)
> 40	7 (9.7)
Disease duration in yr, mean (SD)	8.09 (± 7.3)
Disease duration in yr
< 2	21 (29.2)
2-10	31 (43.1)
>10	20 (27.8)
Smoking status
Never smoker	28 (38.9)
Current smoker	31 (43.1)
Past smoker	13 (18.1)
CD location
Terminal ileum	27 (37.5)
Colon	8 (11.1)
Ileocolic	37 (51.4)
CD upper tract involvement	6 (8.3)
CD phenotype
Inflammatory	30 (41.7)
Stricturing	15 (20.8)
Penetrating	14 (19.4)
Stricturing and penetrating	13 (18.1)
Current or past history of perianal disease	14 (19.4)
Family history	5 (6.9)
Previous resective surgery
No	51 (70.8)
1 surgery	13 (18.1)
> 1 surgery	8 (11.1)
Biological naïve at baseline
Yes	46 (63.9)
No	26 (36.1)
Treatment at baseline
None	18 (25.0)
Corticosteroids	4 (5.6)
Immunosuppressants	32 (44.4)
TNF-α inhibitors	8 (11.1)
Immunosuppressants plus TNF-α inhibitors	10 (13.9)
CRP in mg/L, mean (SD)	2.89 (± 4.2)
CRP
Normal: < 1 mg/L	30 (41.7)
Elevated: ≥ 1 mg/L	42 (58.3)
CDAI, mean (SD)	194.73 (± 95.8)
Clinical activity according to CDAI score
Active disease	51 (69.9)
Clinical remission	21 (28.8)
CDEIS, mean (SD)	7.8 (± 6.7)
CDEIS
< 3.5	20 (29.9)
3.5-7.0	18 (26.8)
> 7.0	29 (43.3)
NA	5

CD: Crohn’s disease; CDAI: Crohn’s disease Activity Index; CDEIS: Crohn’s disease Endoscopic Index of Severity; CRP: C-reactive protein; SD: Standard deviation; TNF: Tumor necrosis factor.