Mlv SK, Mahmood A, Vatsya P, Garika SS, Mittal R, Nagar M. Demographic characteristics of patients who underwent anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction at a tertiary care hospital in India. World J Clin Cases 2023; 11(15): 3464-3470 [PMID: 37383898 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i15.3464]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Ravi Mittal, FRCS, MBBS, MS, Professor, Department of Orthopaedics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India.ravimittal66@hotmail.com
Research Domain of This Article
Orthopedics
Article-Type of This Article
Retrospective Study
Open-Access Policy of This Article
This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
World J Clin Cases. May 26, 2023; 11(15): 3464-3470 Published online May 26, 2023. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i15.3464
Demographic characteristics of patients who underwent anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction at a tertiary care hospital in India
Sai Krishna Mlv, Asjad Mahmood, Pulak Vatsya, Siva Srivastava Garika, Ravi Mittal, Manoj Nagar
Sai Krishna Mlv, Asjad Mahmood, Pulak Vatsya, Siva Srivastava Garika, Ravi Mittal, Department of Orthopaedics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
Manoj Nagar, Department of Orthopaedics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal 462020, India
Author contributions: Mlv SK and Mehmood A wrote the manuscript; Vatsya P and Garika SS collected the data; Nagar M and Mittal R planned this study; Mittal R corrected the manuscript.
Institutional review board statement: This study was approved by the Institute Ethics Committee, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India through letter, No. IECPG-584/28.10.2021, RT-16/25.11.2021.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
Data sharing statement: The study was conducted after ethic clearance from All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi. All the data was recovered from medical records and telephone interviews. The identity of the patients was not revealed anywhere in the study. No additional data is available.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Ravi Mittal, FRCS, MBBS, MS, Professor, Department of Orthopaedics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India.ravimittal66@hotmail.com
Received: January 16, 2023 Peer-review started: January 16, 2023 First decision: January 31, 2023 Revised: February 16, 2023 Accepted: April 17, 2023 Article in press: April 17, 2023 Published online: May 26, 2023
ARTICLE HIGHLIGHTS
Research background
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears are common sports-related injuries. Their incidence is not the same either for all the sports or for the same sport across various nations.
Research motivation
If we know the common modes of injury of anterior cruciate ligament, it can help in devising ways to prevent it by education and awareness programs.
Research objectives
To know the common modes of anterior cruciate ligament injury in our patients who underwent ACL reconstruction and also to know their demographic characteristics. To know the time frame at which they presented and got operated since injury and their causal factors for delay in presentation.
Research methods
We reviewed the hospital records and telephonically interviewed the patients.
Research results
RTAs were the commonest cause of anterior cruciate ligament injury in our patients, which is different from that in the Western population. Many of our patients came late to us for treatment because of ignorance, remote location, and socioeconomic issues.
Research conclusions
Anterior cruciate ligament injury is a common injury in our patients but the majority of them are not due to sports injury unlike the Western population.
Research perspectives
This epidemiological study sheds light on multiple novel data points about ACL injuries in low and middle-income countries (LMICs). First, RTAs are the commonest cause for an ACL injury in LMICs, making it an injury of the common man rather than being related to sports. Second, the patients have delayed presentation, prolonged symptoms, delayed reconstruction of these lesions, and a higher number of days spent with disability. Third, the majority of the patients in our cohort, belong to the low or middle-income groups. Fourth, we often get patients with ACL injuries with very unusual modes of injury like accidents with animals on roads. We suggest that any orthopedic surgeon, actively involved in treating ACL and other knee injuries in LMICs, should be aware of such trends and treat and counsel the patients accordingly.
