Case Report
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2020. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Clin Cases. Jul 26, 2020; 8(14): 3057-3063
Published online Jul 26, 2020. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v8.i14.3057
Successful treatment of basaloid squamous cell carcinoma in the rectosigmoid colon: A case report and review of literature
Taek-Gu Lee, Soon Man Yoon, Myung Jo Kim
Taek-Gu Lee, Myung Jo Kim, Department of Surgery, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju 28644, South Korea
Soon Man Yoon, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju 28644, South Korea
Author contributions: Lee TG, Kim MJ and Yoon SM performed the diagnostic investigations and treatments; Lee TG and Yoon SM reviewed the literature and contributed to manuscript drafting; Lee TG was the patient’s surgeon; Yoon SM was responsible for the revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content; all authors issued final approval for the version to be submitted.
Informed consent statement: Written informed consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this report and any accompanying images.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest regarding the publication of this manuscript.
CARE Checklist (2016) statement: The authors have read the CARE Checklist (2016), and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the CARE Checklist (2016).
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Soon Man Yoon, MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, 776, 1 Sunhwan-ro, Seowon-gu, Cheongju 28644, South Korea. smyoon@chungbuk.ac.kr
Received: April 1, 2020
Peer-review started: April 1, 2020
First decision: April 24, 2020
Revised: April 30, 2020
Accepted: July 14, 2020
Article in press: July 14, 2020
Published online: July 26, 2020
Abstract
BACKGROUND

Compared with colorectal adenocarcinoma, basaloid squamous cell carcinomas (BSCCs) arising in the colorectum are rare and have very poor prognosis. To date, only nine cases have been reported. Most BSCCs are extensively involved in metastasis to the lymph node, liver, and lung at diagnosis. Despite many clinicians attempting to effectively treat BSCCs, therapeutic consensus has not been established due to lack of information.

CASE SUMMARY

A 58-year-old woman presented with abdominal pain, diarrhea, fever, and hematochezia. She was referred from a department of gynecology and was diagnosed with a suspicious leiomyosarcoma of the rectum or a pedunculated myoma of the uterus. An exophytic growing mass at the right lateral wall of the rectum with an internal cystic portion and hemorrhage was observed on magnetic resonance imaging. The patient underwent low anterior resection and total hysterectomy with bilateral salphingo-oophorectomy. Histopathological findings revealed a cellular mass with a solid growth pattern and few glandular structures, many foci of intratumoral necrosis, and a palisading pattern. The pathologist diagnosed tumor as a BSCC, and the patient received chemotherapy with fluorouracil/leucovorin without radiotherapy. The patient is currently alive 8 years after the surgery with no manifestations of metastatic colon cancer.

CONCLUSION

Our case suggest that curative resection and chemotherapy play important roles in improving survival, and radiotherapy may be an option to avoid radiation-associated enteritis.

Keywords: Basaloid squamous cell carcinomas, Rectosigmoid colon, Colorectal cancer, Adjuvant chemotherapy, Curative resection, Case report

Core tip: Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma in the colorectum is extremely rare and has poor prognosis. Here, we present a rare case of the successful treatment of basaloid squamous cell carcinoma in the rectosigmoid colon. The patient with this rare tumor has the longest survival, and thus, curative resection and chemotherapy may play important roles in improving survival. To avoid radiation-associated enteritis, postoperative radiotherapy may be an option.