Hou YZ, Zhang Q, Bai H, Wu T, Chen YJ. Immune-related adverse events induced by programmed death protein-1 inhibitors from the perspective of lymphoma immunotherapy. World J Clin Cases 2023; 11(7): 1458-1466 [PMID: 36926390 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i7.1458]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Hai Bai, Doctor, Research Scientist, Department of Hematology, Center of Hematologic Diseases of Chinese PLA, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, No. 333 Nanbinhe Road, Qilihe District, Lanzhou 730050, Gansu Province, China. baihai98@tom.com
Research Domain of This Article
Hematology
Article-Type of This Article
Minireviews
Open-Access Policy of This Article
This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
World J Clin Cases. Mar 6, 2023; 11(7): 1458-1466 Published online Mar 6, 2023. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i7.1458
Immune-related adverse events induced by programmed death protein-1 inhibitors from the perspective of lymphoma immunotherapy
Yong-Zhe Hou, Qin Zhang, Hai Bai, Tao Wu, Ya-Jie Chen
Yong-Zhe Hou, Hai Bai, Tao Wu, Department of Hematology, Center of Hematologic Diseases of Chinese PLA, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Lanzhou 730050, Gansu Province, China
Yong-Zhe Hou, Qin Zhang, Ya-Jie Chen, Department of First Clinical Medical College, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu Province, China
Yong-Zhe Hou, Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Gene Drugs of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730050, Gansu Province, China
Author contributions: Hou YZ and Zhang Q designed and performed the article. Chen YJ, Bai H and Wu T contributed to the critical revision and editing of the article.
Supported bythe 2022 Project of Innovation Foundation of Outstanding Graduate Students of Gansu Province; the Graduate Innovation Foundation of Major Project of Education Department of Gansu Province, No. lccx2021001; the Gansu Provincial Science and Technology Plan Project Assignment (Innovation Base and Talent Plan), No. 21JR7RA013; the Gansu Province Innovation Base and Talent Plan (Gansu Province Leukemia Clinical Research Center), No. 21JR7RA015; and the 2022 Hospital Project of The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, No. 2022yxky015.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Hai Bai, Doctor, Research Scientist, Department of Hematology, Center of Hematologic Diseases of Chinese PLA, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, No. 333 Nanbinhe Road, Qilihe District, Lanzhou 730050, Gansu Province, China. baihai98@tom.com
Received: November 23, 2022 Peer-review started: November 23, 2022 First decision: January 5, 2023 Revised: January 23, 2023 Accepted: February 13, 2023 Article in press: February 13, 2023 Published online: March 6, 2023
Abstract
Lymphoma, which is highly malignant, stems from lymph nodes and lymphoid tissue. Lymphoma cells express programmed death-ligand 1/2 (PD-L1/PD-L2), which binds with programmed cell death 1 protein (PD-1) to establish inhibitory signaling that impedes the normal function of T cells and allows tumor cells to escape immune system surveillance. Recently, immune checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapies such as PD-1 inhibitors (nivolumab and pembrolizumab) have been introduced into the lymphoma treatment algorithm and have shown remarkable clinical efficacy and greatly improve prognosis in lymphoma patients. Accordingly, the number of lymphoma patients who are seeking treatment with PD-1 inhibitors is growing annually, which results in an increasing number of patients developing immune-related adverse events (irAEs). The occurrence of irAEs inevitably affects the benefits provided by immunotherapy, particularly when PD-1 inhibitors are applied. However, the mechanisms and characteristics of irAEs induced by PD-1 inhibitors in lymphoma need further investigation. This review article summarizes the latest research advances in irAEs during treatment of lymphoma with PD-1 inhibitors. A comprehensive understanding of irAEs incurred in immunotherapy can help to achieve better efficacy with PD-1 inhibitors in lymphoma.
Core Tip: Much work on immune checkpoint immunotherapy as cancer therapy has been made in recent years. In lymphoma, the immune checkpoint pathway is used to evade the host immune system and suppress immune cell function. Use of programmed cell death 1 protein (PD-1) inhibitors in lymphoma is supported by their unprecedented clinical efficacy in a range of tumors. Lymphoma patients treated with PD-1 inhibitors inevitably experience immune-related adverse events (irAEs), ranging from mild to life-threatening. Although irAEs can be managed with therapy, severe irAEs may necessitate suspension or even interruption of patient-beneficial PD-1 antibody therapy. It is essential that clinicians take adequate care when irAEs occur.
