Precision medicine allergy immunoassay methods for assessing immunoglobulin E sensitization to aeroallergen molecules

Table 5 Allergen molecules of fungal origin¹ used in singleplex and multiplex immunoassays[9,74,106-108]

Allergen molecule	Biological function, comments, CR
Ascomycetes fungi (Alternaria alternata, Cladosporium herbarum, Aspergillus fumigatus)
rAlt a 1	Fungal beta-barrel protein, detected in spores before germination
	Involvement in Alternaria-spinach syndrome
rAlt a 6	Fungal enolase, panallergen CR Cla h 6, Asp f 22, Pen c 22
rCla h 8	Fungal mannitol dehydrogenase, major allergen, CR Alt a 8
rAsp f 1	Fungal ribotoxin, specific major allergen, member of the mitogillin family
	Not present in spores, but produced after germination and growth
	Genuine exposure and IgE sensitization to A. fumigatus germinated in the respiratory tract
rAsp f 2	Species-specific allergen component, with high frequency of sensitization among patients affected by ABPA
rAsp f 3 rAsp f 4	Fungal peroxisomal protein, CR Pen c 3
	Fungal protein, highly specific allergen
	With high frequency of sensitization among ABPA patients
rAsp f 6	Fungal Mn-SOD, CR Alt a 14, Mala s 11

¹n: Native purified;

r: Recombinant; Fungi Alternaria alternata (Alt a), Cladosporium herbarum (Cla h), Aspergillus fumigatus (Asp f), Penicillium citrinum (Pen c), Malassezia sympodialis (Mala s) allergen molecules; ABPA: Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis; CR: Cross-reactivity; Mn-SOD: Mn superoxide dismutase.