Impact of different anesthetic agents (propofol, etomidate, ketamine) on seizure duration and cognitive recovery in electroconvulsive therapy

doi:10.5662/wjm.116058

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World Journal of Methodology

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World J Methodol. Sep 20, 2026; 16(3): 116058
Published online Sep 20, 2026. doi: 10.5662/wjm.116058

Table 6 Hemodynamic outcomes by anesthetic agent

Ref.	Parameter	Propofol	Etomidate	Ketamine	P value
Shahu et al[5], 2024	MAP change (mmHg)	+18.2 ± 8.4	+12.3 ± 6.7	-	< 0.01
Shahu et al[5], 2024	HR change (bpm)	+22.1 ± 9.3	+16.4 ± 7.2	-	< 0.05
İkiz et al[9], 2021	MAP change (mmHg)	+16.7 ± 7.9	-	-	-
İkiz et al[9], 2021	HR change (bpm)	+19.8 ± 8.6	-	-	-
Mathur et al[10], 2024	MAP change (mmHg)	+17.3 ± 8.1	-	-	-
Zhong et al[14], 2016	MAP change (mmHg)	-	-	+24.6 ± 10.2	-
Zhong et al[14], 2016	HR change (bpm)	-	-	+28.3 ± 11.7	-

MAP: Mean arterial pressure; HR: Heart rate.

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Citation: Tilokani H, Jawed I, Shehzadi A, Ali A, Khan A, Qadir U, Bin Gulzar AH, Zahid R, Khan S, Mal M, Zakeri MA, Aslam H, Siddique MU. Impact of different anesthetic agents (propofol, etomidate, ketamine) on seizure duration and cognitive recovery in electroconvulsive therapy. World J Methodol 2026; 16(3): 116058
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2222-0682/full/v16/i3/116058.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5662/wjm.116058

Tilokani H, Jawed I, Shehzadi A, Ali A, Khan A, Qadir U, Bin Gulzar AH, Zahid R, Khan S, Mal M, Zakeri MA, Aslam H, Siddique MU. Impact of different anesthetic agents (propofol, etomidate, ketamine) on seizure duration and cognitive recovery in electroconvulsive therapy. World J Methodol 2026; 16(3): 116058 [DOI: 10.5662/wjm.116058]

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