Microwave breast imaging: A review of clinical potential and technological advances

doi:10.5662/wjm.v16.i3.110991

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World Journal of Methodology

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2222-0682

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World J Methodol. Sep 20, 2026; 16(3): 110991
Published online Sep 20, 2026. doi: 10.5662/wjm.v16.i3.110991

Table 3 Comparison of radar-based microwave breast imaging techniques

Technique	Detection range (mm)	Resolution	Image type	No. of antennas	Ref.
CMI	2–4 mm	High	2D/3D	Varies	[35,36]
TSAR	> 4 mm	Moderate	2D	Multiple	[37-39]
MIST	About 4 mm	High	3D	16	[40]
HMI (near-field)	About 5 mm	Moderate	2D	Varies	[41]
HMI (far-field)	4–6 mm	Moderate	2D	Varies	[42,43]

CMI: Confocal microwave imaging; TSAR: Tissue sensing adaptive radar; MIST: Microwave imaging via space-time; HMI: Holographic microwave imaging.

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Citation: Akesson I, Kovac R, Son H, Teixeira de Castro Gonçalves Ortega AC, Fedorov D, Perera Molligoda Arachchige AS. Microwave breast imaging: A review of clinical potential and technological advances. World J Methodol 2026; 16(3): 110991
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2222-0682/full/v16/i3/110991.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5662/wjm.v16.i3.110991

Akesson I, Kovac R, Son H, Teixeira de Castro Gonçalves Ortega AC, Fedorov D, Perera Molligoda Arachchige AS. Microwave breast imaging: A review of clinical potential and technological advances. World J Methodol 2026; 16(3): 110991 [DOI: 10.5662/wjm.v16.i3.110991]

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