Open-label randomized controlled study of salt-restricted vs salt-unrestricted diet in patients with cirrhosis with hyponatremia

doi:10.5662/wjm.v16.i2.112692

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World Journal of Methodology

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2222-0682

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Randomized Clinical Trial

Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

World J Methodol. Jun 20, 2026; 16(2): 112692
Published online Jun 20, 2026. doi: 10.5662/wjm.v16.i2.112692

Table 2 Comparison of baseline variables between acute kidney injury and no-acute kidney injury groups, mean ± SD/n (%)

Variable	No AKI (n = 60)	AKI (n = 45)	P value
Age (years)	47.17 ± 14.14	49.22 ± 12.26	0.43
Sex			0.56
Male	51 (85.0)	35 (77.8)
Female	9 (15.0)	10 (22.2)
Dietary group			0.002
Salt restricted	21 (35.0)	30 (66.7)
Salt unrestricted	39 (65.0)	15 (33.3)
Prior history of AKI	5 (8.3)	16 (35.6)	< 0.001
Prior diuretic use	37 (61.7)	28 (62.2)	0.954
Prior LVP	12 (20.0)	11 (24.4)	0.58
Urine protein present	13 (21.7)	11 (24.4)	0.10
TLC (cells/mm³)	7010 ± 3986	8772 ± 5556	0.06
MAP (mmHg)	85.63 ± 12.31	79.91 ± 11.42	0.017
MAC (cm)	21.38 ± 4.04	21.92 ± 3.16	0.45
BMI (kg/m²)	20.45 ± 4.50	21.10 ± 3.93	0.44
Sodium (mEq/L)	125.19 ± 4.00	125.41 ± 3.83	0.78
Chloride (mEq/L)	95.86 ± 5.61	97.41 ± 7.05	0.21
Albumin (g/dL)	2.73 ± 0.48	2.57 ± 0.56	0.13
Handgrip strength (kg)	18.71 ± 6.74	18.13 ± 7.19	0.67
CTP score	9.15 ± 2.19	9.69 ± 2.22	0.21
MELD-Na score	22.43 ± 8.18	23.36 ± 8.19	0.56
Baseline calorie intake (kcal/day)	1458 ± 546.5	1333 ± 465.72	0.21

AKI: Acute kidney injury; BMI: Body mass index; CTP: Child-Turcotte-Pugh score; LVP: Large-volume paracentesis; MAC: Mid arm circumference; MAP: Mean arterial pressure; MELD-Na: Model for end-stage liver disease incorporating serum sodium; TLC: Total leukocyte count.

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Citation: Marrapu S, Kumar R, Bhushan D, Kumar S, Kumar A, Priyadarshi RN, Anand U. Open-label randomized controlled study of salt-restricted vs salt-unrestricted diet in patients with cirrhosis with hyponatremia. World J Methodol 2026; 16(2): 112692
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2222-0682/full/v16/i2/112692.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5662/wjm.v16.i2.112692

Marrapu S, Kumar R, Bhushan D, Kumar S, Kumar A, Priyadarshi RN, Anand U. Open-label randomized controlled study of salt-restricted vs salt-unrestricted diet in patients with cirrhosis with hyponatremia. World J Methodol 2026; 16(2): 112692 [PMID: 42058809 DOI: 10.5662/wjm.v16.i2.112692]

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