Adolescent varicocele, a Gordian knot: A comprehensive review of clinical perspectives and future directions

Table 1 Tanner stages of male pubertal development

Stage	Pubic hair scale	Male external genitalia scale
I	No hair	Testicular volume < 4 mL or long axis < 2.5 cm
II	Downy hair	4-8 mL (or 2.5-3.3 cm long), 1st pubertal sign in males
III	Scant terminal hair	9-12 mL (or 3.4-4.0 cm long)
IV	Terminal hair that fills the entire triangle overlying the pubic region	15-20 mL (or 4.1-4.5 cm long)
V	Terminal hair that extends beyond the inguinal crease onto the thigh	> 20 mL (or > 4.5 cm long)