Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging in differentiating benign and malignant sinonasal masses: A prospective study and literature review

Figure 3 A 55-year-old female with undifferentiated carcinoma of the right maxillary sinus. A: Axial T2-weighted image (T2WI) shows an ill-defined intermediate signal intensity mass epicentered in the right maxillary sinus with infiltration of the subcutaneous plane and skin; B: High b-value (b = 1000 seconds/mm²) image shows areas of high signal intensity; C: On corresponding apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) map, similar areas showed hypointensity suggestive of true diffusion restriction (mean ADC value of 0.77 × 10^-3 mm²/second); D: Axial post contrast T1WI image shows heterogeneous enhancement with central nonenhancing areas; E: High b-value image (b = 2000 seconds/mm²) of intravoxel incoherent motion imaging/diffusion kurtosis imaging sequence with region of interest (ROI) drawn (arrow) over the mass; F: True diffusion coefficient map after drawing ROI showed low value (0.68 × 10^-3 mm²/second).