Impact of depression on functional status in elderly patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty

Table 1 Demographic characteristics of the population of depressed and non-depressed elderly adults that underwent total knee arthroplasty, n (%)

Characteristic	With depression (n = 22)	Without depression (n = 78)	P value
Female sex	14 (64)	51 (65)	0.9
Age (years)	77.6 ± 6	80.6 ± 6.3	0.05
Body mass index	31.4 ± 6.3	30.8 ± 4.7	0.6
Charlson index (IQR)	1 (0-1)	1 (0-2)	0.1
Diabetes	2 (9)	14 (18)	0.5
Hypertension	16 (73)	70 (90)	0.04
Hypothyroidism	2 (9)	23 (29)	0.06
Number of medications used	6.6 ± 3.5	7.6 ± 3.2	0.2
Older Americans Resources and Services Social Resource Scale (IQR)	1.5 (1-2)	1 (1-2)	0.3
Use of antidepressant medication	7 (32)	20 (26)	0.6
Use of Potentially Inappropriate Medication (Beers Criteria)	18 (82)	50 (64)	0.1
ADL (IQR)	4.5 (4-5)	5 (4-6)	0.2
Decreased ADL (< 6)	18 (82)	49 (63)	0.09
IADL (IQR)	6 (3-7)	6 (4-8)	0.3
Decreased IADL (< 6)	10 (45)	27 (35)	0.4
Clock-Drawing test (IQR)	5 (3-6)	6 (5-7)	0.06
Cognitive Impairment (Mini Mental score < 24 or Mini-Cog < 3)	6 (27)	27 (35)	0.5
Impaired gait speed test (more than 7 seconds per 4.5 meters)	15 (71)	47 (62)	0.5
Impaired chair stand test (greater than 15 seconds)	18 (95)	53 (79)	0.2
Risk factors for Confusional Syndrome	8 ± 2	6.5 ± 2.2	0.006
Edmonton Frail Scale	8 ± 2.5	5.8 ± 2.6	0.0006
Frailty according to Edmonton (≥ 7)	15 (68)	33 (42)	0.05
Fried Frailty Index	3.3 ± 1.2	2.5 ± 1.3	0.01
Frailty according to Fried (≥ 3)	17 (77)	42 (54)	0.05
Number of falls in the past year	12 (55)	28 (36)	0.1
Hand Grip (kg) (IQR)	18.5 (12-27)	19 (14-28)	0.5
Preoperative Knee KSS	27.4 ± 20.7	33.6 ± 16.5	0.2
Preoperative Functional KSS	31.8 ± 19.6	33.2 ± 21.2	0.8

ADL: Activities of daily living; IADL: Instrumental activities of daily living; IQR: Interquartile range; KSS: Knee Society Score.