Beyond the bladder: Recognising glomerular hematuria and the role of genetic testing in clinical practice

Table 2 Pre-test counselling framework for genetic testing in glomerular hematuria

Counselling topic	Standard patient-facing counselling script
Why the test is being done?	This test looks for differences in your genes that can cause kidney disease. We are checking these differences to see if they can explain your symptoms and help us determine best way to care for you
What the results may show?
Positive - pathogenic/Likely pathogenic	This means we found a genetic difference that causes disease and explains your condition
Negative - benign/Likely benign	This means no known disease- causing difference was found. It doesn't always rule out a genetic cause, but we didn’t find one today
Inconclusive	We found a genetic difference, but we aren’t sure yet if it’s the cause of the disease or just a normal variation
So what’s next? How it affects treatment or family	Finding a genetic cause can change your treatment plan, such as suggesting different medication or extra screenings. Because this condition runs in the family it may also help us identify if your relatives are at risk