Management of patients with a failed kidney transplant: Dialysis reinitiation, immunosuppression weaning, and transplantectomy

Table 5 Absolute and relative indications for transplantectomy

Absolute indications (commonly accepted)	Relative indications (controversial)
Primary nonfunction Hyperacute rejection Early recalcitrant acute rejection Early graft loss (generally defined as graft loss within the first year) Arterial or venous thrombosis Graft intolerance syndrome Recurrent urinary tract infections or sepsis/urosepsis Multiple retained failed transplants prior to a repeat transplant	The presence of hematologic or biochemical markers of the chronic inflammatory state Erythropoietin resistance anemia Elevated ferritin level Elevated C reactive protein Elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate Low prealbumin/albumin Graft loss due to BK nephropathy and high level BK viremia (see text)