Novel immunosuppressive agents in kidney transplantation

Table 1 Summary of investigational and available agents

Generic	Brand	FDA indication	Company
Alefacept12	Amevive	Treatment of moderate-to-severe chronic plaque psoriasis in adults who are candidates for systemic therapy or phototherapy	Astellas
Alemtuzumab2	Campath	Treatment of B-CLL	Berlex Laboratories
ASKP1240		Not FDA approved	Astellas
Azathioprine	Imuran	Adjunctive therapy in prevention of rejection of kidney transplants; management of active rheumatoid arthritis	Generic manufacturers
Basiliximab	Simulect	Prevention of acute rejection in kidney transplantation	Novartis
Belatacept	Nulojix	Prevention of acute rejection in renal transplant recipients	Bristol-Myers-Squibb
Bortezomib	Velcade	Treatment of multiple myeloma; treatment of relapsed or refractory mantle cell lymphoma	Millenium Pharmaceuticals
Cyclosporine	Neoral	Prevention of acute rejection in renal transplant recipients	Novartis
Eculizumab	Soliris	Treatment of PNH to reduce hemolysis and aHUS	Alexion Pharmaceuticals
Efalizumab12	Raptiva	Management of moderate to severe chronic plaque psoriasis in adults	Genentech
Everolimus	Afinitor, Zortress	Treatment of advanced renal cell cancer (Afinitor®); treatment of subependymal giant cell astrocytom associated with tuberous sclerosis (Afinitor®); treatment of advanced, metastatic or unresectable pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (Afinitor®); prophylaxis of organ rejection in patients at low-moderate immunologic risk receiving renal transplants (Zortress®)	Novartis
Mycophenolate Mofetil	Cellcept	Prophylaxis of organ rejection concomitantly with cyclosporine and corticosteroids in patients receiving allogeneic renal cardiac, or hepatic transplants	Genentech
Mycophenolate Sodium	Myfortic	Prophylaxis of organ rejection concomitantly with cyclosporine and corticosteroids in patients receiving allogeneic renal transplantation	Novartis
Horse or Rabbit anti-thymocyte Globulin	Atgam or Thymoglobulin	Treatment of corticosteroid resistant rejection in kidney transplantation	Pfizer/Sanofi
Rituximab	Rituxan	Treatment of CD20-positive non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas ; Treatment of moderately- to severely-active rheumatoid arthritis in adult patients with inadequate response to one or more TNF antagonists; Treatment of Wegener’s granulomatosis; Treatment of microscopic polyangiitis	Genentech
Sirolimus	Rapamune	Prevention of acute rejection in renal transplant recipients	Pfizer
Sotrastaurin, AEB-0711		Not FDA approved	Novartis
Tacrolimus	Prograf	Prevention of acute rejection in renal transplant recipients	Astellas
Tacrolimus Prolonged Release	Astragraf XL	Preventing organ rejection in kidney transplant recipients, as combination therapy with mycophenolate mofetil and corticosteroids, with or without tasiliximab induction	Astellas
Tolfacitinib1	Xeljanz	Treatment of moderate to severe rheumatoid arthritis	Pfizer
Voclosporin		Not FDA approved	Isotechnika Pharma

¹No longer being investigated for transplantation;

²Withdrawn from United States Market. FDA: Food and Drug Administration; B-CLL: B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia; PNH: Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria; aHUS: Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome.