Effects of technology-enhanced physical activity on brain and mental health in youth: An umbrella review of meta-analyses

Figure 3 Forest plot of standardized mean differences with 95%CI. This forest plot presents pooled effect sizes (SMDs) and 95%CI for selected meta-analytic reviews examining the impact of technology-enhanced physical activity interventions on mental or cognitive health outcomes in youth. The vertical red dashed line indicates the null effect line (SMD = 0). Negative SMD values represent beneficial effects in reducing symptoms or enhancing outcomes compared to controls. TEPA: Technology-enhanced physical activity.