Exosomal microRNAs in common mental disorders: Mechanisms, biomarker potential and therapeutic implications

Table 8 Summary of changes of exosomal microRNAs in post-traumatic stress disorder

miRNAs	Alteration	Model	Type tissue	Significance	Ref.
miR-15a-5p, miR-497a-5p, miR-511-5p	Decrease	PTSD mouse models	Hippocampus, medial prefrontal cortex	Brain region-dependent regulation of miRNAs targeting FKBP5, BDNF, and other stress-related genes	Maurel et al[106]
miR-326, miR-361, miR-767-5p		PTSD human patients	Plasma	Possible biomarker of PTSD	Devoto et al[107]
miR-139-5p	Decrease	PTSD human patients	Blood sample	MiR-139-5p was associated with the severity of PTSD symptoms in remote mTBI participants	Guedes et al[53]

mTBI: Mild traumatic brain injury; PTSD: Post-traumatic stress disorder; BDNF: Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; miRNA: MicroRNA.