Catatonia and autism spectrum disorder: A common comorbid syndrome or a core feature?

Table 5 List of catatonia symptoms reported by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder-5-TR and catatonia clinical scales (Bush Francis Catatonia Rating Scale, Modified Rogers Scale, Rogers Catatonia Scale, Northoff Catatonia Rating Scale, Kanner Scale, Brauning Catatonia Rating Scale, and Pediatric Catatonia Rating Scale), with the overlap between these catatonia presentations and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5-TR diagnostic criteria for autism spectrum disorder

Overlapping features of catatonia on the DSM-5-TR and the (BFCRS, MRS-C, RCS, NCRS, Kanner, BCRS, and PCRS) scales	Corresponding similar or related symptoms in ASD based on the DSM-5-TR criteria and other features reported in ASD
Echolalia/echopraxia (BFCRS, MRS-C, RCS, NCRS, Kanner, BCRS, and PCRS)	Reported
Stereotypy (BFCRS, MRS-C, RCS, NCRS, Kanner, BCRS, and PCRS)	Reported
Mannerism (BFCRS, MRS-C, RCS, NCRS, Kanner, BCRS, and PCRS)	Reported
Excitement (BFCRS, MRS-C, RCS, NCRS, Kanner, BCRS, and PCRS)	Reported
Grimacing (BFCRS, NCRS, Kanner, BCRS, and PCRS)	Reported (facial mannerisms/stereotypies)
Verbigeration (BFCRS, MRS-C, RCS, NCRS, Kanner, BCRS, and PCRS)	Reported
Impulsivity (BFCRS, NCRS, Kanner, BCRS, and PCRS)	Reported
Combativeness (BFCRS, Kanner)	Reported
Perseveration (BFCRS, NCRS, Kanner)	Reported
Abnormal speech (MRC-S, RCS, NCRS)	Reported
Rituals (MRC-S, NCRS)	Reported
Compulsive behaviors (NCRS, PCRS)	Reported
Compulsive-like speech (NCRS)	Reported

BFCRS: Bush Francis Catatonia Rating Scale; MRS-C: Modified Rogers Scale-Catatonia Subscale; NCRS: Northoff Catatonia Rating Scale; BCRS: Brauning Catatonia Rating Scale; PCRS: Pediatric Catatonia Rating Scale; RCS: Rogers Catatonia Scale; DSM: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; ASD: Autism spectrum disorder.