Dried-leaf Artemisia annua: A practical malaria therapeutic for developing countries?

Table 1 Antimalarial compounds in Artemisia annua vs falciparum malaria

Compound	Compound IC50 (μmol/L)	Compound + artemisinin IC50 (nmol/L)	Ref.
Terpenes
Artemisinin	0.033 0.022, 0.0231	Not applicable	Liu et al[52]
Artemisinic acid	77.8, 61.61	No numerical value provided; response depended on concentration of compound tested with artemisinin	Suberu et al[19]
Arteannuin B	3.2, 4.81
Dihydroartemisinic acid	21.1, 17.71
Nerolidol	94	Interaction with artemisinin not yet tested	van Zyl et al[55]
α-pinene	14
1,8-cineole (eucalyptol)	704
Limonene	5334
Phenolic acids
Chlorogenic acid	69.4, 61.41	No numerical value provided; response depended on concentration of compound tested with artemisinin	Suberu et al[19]
Rosmarinic acid	65.1, 65.01
Flavonoids
Artemetin	26	26	Liu et al[52]
Casticin	24	26
Cirsilineol	23	22.5
Chrysoplenol-D	32	15
Chrysoplenetin	36	16
Eupatorin	65	30
Isovitexin	72.5, 48.11	Interaction with artemisinin not yet tested	Suberu et al[19]
Luteolin	11, 122		Lehane et al[54]
Kaempferol	33, 252
Myricetin	40, 762
Quercetin	15, 142, 14.7, 4.11, 2.943
			Ganesh et al[58]
Rutin	7.1, 3.5, 10.383

¹Against CQ-sensitive HB3 and CQ-resistant Dd2 strains, respectively;

²Against CQ-sensitive 3D7 and CQ-resistant 7G8 strains, respectively;

³Against fresh Bangladeshi isolates, CQ-sensitive 3D7, and CQ-resistant K1 strains, respectively;

⁴Against CQ-resistant FCR-3. CQ: Chloroquine.