Inflammatory diseases modelling in zebrafish

Table 2 Zebrafish models of obesity

Model	Age	Induction	Characteristics
Genetic models
AgRP overexpression	All stages	AgRP expressed under the control of β-actin promoter	Weight gain and linear growth; increased BMI; visceral adipose accumulation; increased triglycerides; larger visceral adipocytes[102]
Tg(krt4:Hsa.myrAkt1)cy18	All stages	Expression of constitutively active human AKt1	Weight gain; increased BMI; triglycerides accumulation; adipocyte hyperplasia; ectopic adipose tissue; increased expression of adiponectin, adiponectin receptors, leptin receptor; increased inflammatory molecules TNFα, IL1β, MMP2 and MMP9[104]
DIO models
Artemia overfeeding	Adult	Overfeeding with nauplii artemia for 8 wk	Increased BMI; high plasma triglycerides; hepatosteatosis[106]
Chow overfeeding	Adult	Overfeeding with standard fish chow for 8 mo	Weight gain; hepatosteatosis[109]
Zebrafish obesogenic test (OZ)	Larva	High-fat diet based in hard-boiled chicken egg-yolk ad libitum during one day	Increase in blood vessel lipids in a short time[110]
HCD	Larva	HCD, cholesterol mixed in fish standard dry food for 6 h. Extended HCD for 10 d	Infiltration of myeloid cells in intestine dependent of the inflammasome, microbiota and NFκB activation; extended feeding leads to visceral fat accumulation, liver steatosis, intestine inflammation, impaired peristalsis[111]

HCD: High cholesterol diet; BMI: Body mass index; TNF: Tumor necrosis factor; IL: Interleukin; MMP: Matrix metalloprotease.