Plasma-Lyte 148: A clinical review

Table 1 Characteristics of common crystalloid solutions compared to human plasma

	Sodium (mmol/L)	Potassium (mmol/L)	Magnesium (mmol/L)	Calcium (mmol/L)	Chloride (mmol/L)	Acetate (mmol/L)	Gluconate (mmol/L)	Lactate (mmol/L)	Malate (mmol/L)	eSID (mEq/L)	Theoretical osmolarity (mOsmol/kg)	Actual or measured 1osmolality (mOsmol/kg)	pH
Plasma	136-145	3.5-5.0	0.8-1.0	2.2-2.6	98-106	Nil	Nil	Nil	Nil	42	291	287	7.35-7.45
Sodium chloride (0.9%)	154	Nil	Nil	Nil	154	Nil	Nil	Nil	Nil	0	308	286	4.5-7
Compound sodium Lactate (lactate buffered)	129	5	Nil	2	109	Nil	Nil	29	Nil	29	28	278	5-7
Ringer’s lactate (lactate buffered)	130	4	Nil	3	109	Nil	Nil	28	Nil	27	278	256	5-7
Ionosteril® (acetate buffered solution)	137	4	1.25	1.65	110	36.8	Nil	Nil	Nil	36.8	291	20	6.9-7.9
Sterofundin ISO® (acetate and malate buffered)	145	4	1	2.5	127	24	Nil	Nil	5	25.5	309	Not stated	5.1-5.9
Plasma-Lyte 148® (acetate and gluconate buffered)	140	5	1.5	Nil	98-106	27	23	Nil	Nil	50	295	2712	7.43

¹Freezing point depression;

²Australian and New Zealand formulation; however approximate osmolality may vary depending on country of manufacture;

³Australian and New Zealand formulation; however pH ranges from 6.5 to 8.0 depending on country of manufacture. Plasma-Lyte 148 manufactured by Baxter Healthcare, Toongabie, NSW, Australia; Ringer’s Lactate manufactured by Baxter Healthcare, Deerfield, IL, United States; Hartmann’s solution manufactured by Baxter Healthcare, Toongabie, NSW, Australia; Ionosteril manufactured by Fresenius Medical Care, Schweinfurt, Germany; Sterofundin ISO manufactured by B. Braun Melsungen AG, Melsungen, Germany.