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©The Author(s) 2015.
World J Crit Care Med. Feb 4, 2015; 4(1): 47-54
Published online Feb 4, 2015. doi: 10.5492/wjccm.v4.i1.47
Table 1 Contraindications to noninvasive ventilation
Trauma, deformity, facial or neurological surgery
Inability to protect airway or cooperate
High risk for aspiration and inability to clear secretions
Upper airway obstruction
Respiratory or cardiac arrest
Organ failure
Unstable cardiac arrhythmia/hemodynamic instability
Severe Encephalopathy (e.g., GCS < 10)
Severe upper gastrointestinal bleeding


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