Integrating frailty and acute illness severity scoring for risk stratification in acute geriatric care: Review and practical guide

Figure 1 Comparison of functional recovery trajectories following an acute physiological stressor[5]. A: Robust phenotype (blue line) with high physiological reserve experiences a transient decline and a rapid, full recovery to baseline; B: Pre-frailty phenotype (orange line) demonstrating reduced reserve with partial recovery that remains above the disability threshold; C: Frailty phenotype (red line) showing a severe, disproportionate decline following an acute stressor (arrow) with a failure to recover above the disability threshold (dotted line), resulting in new-onset functional dependence. Citation: Dent E, Morley JE, Cruz-Jentoft AJ, Woodhouse L, Rodríguez-Mañas L, Fried LP, Woo J, Aprahamian I, Sanford A, Lundy J, Landi F, Beilby J, Martin FC, Bauer JM, Ferrucci L, Merchant RA, Dong B, Arai H, Hoogendijk EO, Won CW, Abbatecola A, Cederholm T, Strandberg T, Gutiérrez Robledo LM, Flicker L, Bhasin S, Aubertin-Leheudre M, Bischoff-Ferrari HA, Guralnik JM, Muscedere J, Pahor M, Ruiz J, Negm AM, Reginster JY, Waters DL, Vellas B. Physical Frailty: ICFSR International Clinical Practice Guidelines for Identification and Management. J Nutr Health Aging 2019; 23: 771-787. Copyright© The Authors 2019. Published by Elsevier. The article is open access (Supplementary material).