High-flow nasal cannula for hypoxia in the post-anesthetic recovery unit: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Table 2 Summary of findings with certainty of evidence

Outcomes	Anticipated absolute effects		Number of participants(studies)	Certainty of the evidence (GRADE)
	Risk with conventional oxygen therapy	Risk with high flow nasal cannula (95%CI)
Reintubation	2.8%	OR = 0.93 (0.36-2.38)	1693 (13)	Moderate
Therapy escalation	11.3%	OR = 0.64 (0.31-1.32)	1190 (8)	Moderate
Mortality	1.2%	OR = 0.71 (0.18-2.78)	1172 (8)	Moderate
Atelectasis	29.7%	OR = 0.33 (0.18-9.59)	628 (6)	Low
Hypoxemia	34.6%	OR = 0.42 (0.21-0.83)	1276 (11)	Moderate
Postoperative pulmonary complications	43.7%	OR = 0.68 (0.33-1.40)	645 (6)	Low
Hospital length of stay	Mean of 7.7 days with range 2 to 12 days	MD = 0.58 less (-1.17 to 0.01)	1877 (16)	Moderate
ICU length of stay	Mean of 2.6 days with range 1 to 7 days	MD = 0.02 less (-0.19 to 0.15)	1880 (14)	Moderate
pH	Mean of 7.37 with range 7.34 to 7.41	MD = 0.0002 more (-0.01 to 0.01)	423 (4)	Low
PaO2	Mean of 115.1 with range 87.0 to 158.5	MD = 43.0 more (-15.7 to 101.7)	767 (9)	Low
PaCO2	Mean of 39.9 with range 34.7 to 44.1	MD = 1.1 less (-2.6 to 0.4)	831 (10)	Low
PF ratio	Mean of 222.4 with range 46 to 355.5	MD = 33.4 more (-7.99 to 74.8)	447 (6)	Low
RR	Mean of 19 with range 14 to 22	MD = 1.4 less (-3.0 to 0.3)	343 (4)	Low
SpO2	Mean of 98.8 with range 96.8 to 99.7	MD = 0.84 more (-0.61 to 2.23)	344 (3)	Very low
HR	Mean of 85.6 with range 68 to 105.7	MD = 4.6 less (-8.6 to -0.6)	504 (5)	Low
Discomfort	Mean of 4.1 with range 1.5 to 7.3	MD = 0.7 less (-2.3 to 0.9)	1000 (6)	Low

PaO₂: Partial pressure of arterial oxygen; PaCO₂: Partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide; ICU: Intensive care unit; POD1: Postoperative day 1; PF: PaO₂/FiO₂ ratio; RR: Respiratory rate; SpO₂: Oxygen saturation; HR: Heart rate; CI: Confidence interval; OR: Odds ratio; MD: Mean difference.