Use of radiograph scoring systems to assess pulmonary disease severity in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia

doi:10.5492/wjccm.v15.i1.113684

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World Journal of Critical Care Medicine

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2220-3141

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World J Crit Care Med. Mar 9, 2026; 15(1): 113684
Published online Mar 9, 2026. doi: 10.5492/wjccm.v15.i1.113684

Table 3 Logistic regression analysis of oxygen delivery requirements by BRIXIA and Radiographic Assessment of Lung Edema scores

	Crude OR (95%CI)	P value	a-OR¹ (95%CI)	P value	a-OR² (95%CI)	P value
BRIXIA score
Oxygen delivery device in ED
Model 1: Room air	0.9 (0.87-0.92)	< 0.001	0.9 (0.87-0.93)	< 0.001
Model 2: Nasal cannula	1.05 (1.02-1.08)	0.001	1.05 (1.02-1.08)	0.002
Model 3: Hudson mask	0.92 (0.84-1.02)	0.108	0.93 (0.84-1.02)	0.134
Model 4: NRBM	1.15 (1.1-1.21)	< 0.001	1.15 (1.09-1.21)	< 0.001
Model 5: HFNC/CPAP/BiPAP	1.27 (1.14-1.42)	< 0.001	1.27 (1.14-1.41)	< 0.001
Oxygen delivery device during hospitalization
Model 6: Nasal cannula	1.01 (0.95-1.07)	0.784	1 (0.95-1.06)	0.868	1.04 (0.97-1.1)	0.249
Model 7: Hudson mask	1.02 (0.91-1.14)	0.761	1.01 (0.9-1.14)	0.830	0.99 (0.88-1.12)	0.898
Model 8: NRBM	1.13 (1.1-1.16)	< 0.001	1.12 (1.09-1.16)	< 0.001	1.09 (1.06-1.13)	< 0.001
Model 9: HFNC/CPAP/BiPAP	1.12 (1.08-1.16)	< 0.001	1.11 (1.07-1.15)	< 0.001	1.05 (1.01-1.09)	0.018
Model 10: Oral intubation/tracheostomy	1.11 (1.07-1.16)	< 0.001	1.1 (1.06-1.15)	< 0.001	1.04 (1-1.09)	0.049
RALE score
Oxygen delivery device in ED
Model 14: Room air	0.96 (0.95-0.97)	< 0.001	0.96 (0.95-0.97)	< 0.001
Model 15: Nasal cannula	1.01 (1-1.02)	0.040	1.01 (1-1.02)	0.065
Model 16: Hudson mask	0.98 (0.94-1.02)	0.417	0.99 (0.95-1.03)	0.485
Model 17: NRBM	1.05 (1.04-1.07)	< 0.001	1.05 (1.03-1.07)	< 0.001
Model 18: HFNC/CPAP/BiPAP	1.07 (1.04-1.11)	< 0.001	1.07 (1.04-1.11)	< 0.001
Oxygen delivery device during hospitalization
Model 19: Nasal cannula	1 (0.97-1.02)	0.842	1 (0.97-1.02)	0.760	1.01 (0.99-1.04)	0.358
Model 20: Hudson mask	1.02 (0.98-1.07)	0.316	1.02 (0.98-1.07)	0.356	1.01 (0.96-1.06)	0.733
Model 21: NRBM	1.05 (1.04-1.06)	< 0.001	1.05 (1.03-1.06)	< 0.001	1.04 (1.02-1.05)	< 0.001
Model 22: HFNC/CPAP/BiPAP	1.04 (1.03-1.06)	< 0.001	1.04 (1.02-1.05)	< 0.001	1.02 (1-1.03)	0.037
Model 23: Oral intubation/tracheostomy	1.04 (1.03-1.06)	< 0.001	1.04 (1.02-1.05)	< 0.001	1.02 (1-1.04)	0.042

¹Adjusted for age.

²Adjusted for age and initial oxygen delivery device in the emergency department.

OR: Odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval; ED: Emergency department; NRBM: Non-rebreather mask; HFNC: High flow nasal cannula; CPAP: Continuous positive airway pressure; BiPAP: Bi-level positive airway pressure; RALE: Radiographic Assessment of Lung Edema.

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Citation: Mohammed H, Y Fadul K, Naqvi SGA, Kharma N, Alfian Yusof A, Ahmad S, Farooq M, Javid S, Mohamed A, Abdel-Rahman ME, Harris T. Use of radiograph scoring systems to assess pulmonary disease severity in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. World J Crit Care Med 2026; 15(1): 113684
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2220-3141/full/v15/i1/113684.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5492/wjccm.v15.i1.113684

Mohammed H, Y Fadul K, Naqvi SGA, Kharma N, Alfian Yusof A, Ahmad S, Farooq M, Javid S, Mohamed A, Abdel-Rahman ME, Harris T. Use of radiograph scoring systems to assess pulmonary disease severity in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. World J Crit Care Med 2026; 15(1): 113684 [PMID: 41883765 DOI: 10.5492/wjccm.v15.i1.113684]

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