©Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2026.
World J Crit Care Med. Mar 9, 2026; 15(1): 111114
Published online Mar 9, 2026. doi: 10.5492/wjccm.v15.i1.111114
Published online Mar 9, 2026. doi: 10.5492/wjccm.v15.i1.111114
Table 3 Characteristics of study participants in studies describing acute kidney injury in acute liver failure patients, n (%)
| Ref. | Total number of patients | Female gender | Age in years (mean) | Co-morbidities | Severity score | Number of patients developing AKI | AKI with ALF patients requiring RRT | Mortality (%) |
| Leithead et al[12] | 308 | 175 (56.8) | 39.7 | NA | NA | 208 (67.5) | 145 (70) | 112 (26.9) |
| O’Riordan et al[13] | 302 | 178 (59) | 37 | NA | SOFA, MELD, APACHE II, KCH | 239 (79.1) | 182 (76) | 74 (25) |
| Tujios et al[14] | 1604 | 1106 (68.9) | NA | DM (n = 84; 5.2%), HTN (n = 93; 5.7%) | NA | 1122 (69.9) | 491 (43.7) | 478 (29.8) |
| Urrunaga et al[15] | 2280 | 1596 (70) | NA | NA | MELD | 1271 (55.7) | NA | NA |
| Coelho et al[16] | 51 | 28 (54.9) | NA | DM (n = 1; 5.9%), HTN (n = 8; 15.6%), CAD (n = 6; 9.8%), others (n = 5; 9.8%) | SOFA | 34 (66.7) | 5 (14.7) | 22 (43.1) |
| Hadem et al[17] | 134 | 102 (76.1) | 42.5 | NA | SOFA, SAPS III, KCH, BiLE | 54 (40.3) | 52 (96.2) | 45 (33.6) |
| Cardoso et al[18] | 1071 | 731 (68.3) | 39 | NA | MELD | 744 (69.4) | 221 (29.7) | 324 (33.5) |
| Imoto et al[19] | 174 | 79 (45.4) | 49 | NA | MELD | 66 (37.9) | NA | 20 (11.5) |
| Fidalgo et al[20] | 104 | 44 (57.7) | 44 | NA | SOFA | 57 (54.80) | 32 (56.1) | 32 (30.8) |
- Citation: Ahmed A, Gautam M, Azim A, Chakravarti B, Tiwari M. Burden and impact of acute kidney injury in acute liver failure: A systematic review. World J Crit Care Med 2026; 15(1): 111114
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2220-3141/full/v15/i1/111114.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5492/wjccm.v15.i1.111114