Critical care primary services are associated with reduced midazolam use in the intensive care unit

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World Journal of Critical Care Medicine

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2220-3141

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

Observational Study

World J Crit Care Med. Dec 9, 2025; 14(4): 111260
Published online Dec 9, 2025. doi: 10.5492/wjccm.v14.i4.111260

Table 1 Demographics by critical care primary, n (%)

	Intensivist staffing model
	No	Yes
Number patients	376.0	3429.0
Number of males	209.0	2156.0
Percent males	55.6	62.9
Mean age (years)	68.1	65.8
Age (SD, deviation)	13.9	12.9
Mean weight (kg)	90.5	88.8
Weight (SD, deviation)	27.3	24.1
Charlson comorbidity index (mean ± SD)	6.0	5.6
Charlson comorbidity index (SD, deviation)	2.8	2.8
Sofa score (mean ± SD)	7.9	6.8
Sofa score (SD, deviation)	2.5	2.6
Hospital mortality	26.1	13.2
Hospital diagnoses
Acute respiratory failure	217 (58)	883 (26)
Sepsis	194 (52)	660 (19)
Septic shock	137 (36)	471 (14)
Pneumonia	130 (35)	549 (16)
Cardiac arrest	44 (12)	322 (9)
Unspecified shock	42 (11)	214 (6)
COVID-19 pneumonia	40 (11)	130 (4)
Viral pneumonia	38 (10)	109 (3)
Alcohol withdrawal	35 (9)	136 (4)
Cardiogenic shock	22 (6)	233 (7)
Hypovolemic shock	21 (6)	70 (2)
ARDS	18 (5)	110 (3)
Seizure	18 (5)	88 (3)
Status epilepticus	2 (1)	47 (1)

COVID-19: Coronavirus disease 2019; ARDS: Acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Citation: Nestoiter KG, Feick K, Looney K, Zaccheo M, Wert Y, Franz C. Critical care primary services are associated with reduced midazolam use in the intensive care unit. World J Crit Care Med 2025; 14(4): 111260
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2220-3141/full/v14/i4/111260.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5492/wjccm.v14.i4.111260

Nestoiter KG, Feick K, Looney K, Zaccheo M, Wert Y, Franz C. Critical care primary services are associated with reduced midazolam use in the intensive care unit. World J Crit Care Med 2025; 14(4): 111260 [PMID: 41377525 DOI: 10.5492/wjccm.v14.i4.111260]

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