Palliative care in pulmonary hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Table 1 Demographic characteristics of included studies

Ref.	Study design	Intervention	Sample size	Mean age
Rohlfing et al[8], 2023	Retrospective	N/A	92	N/A
Swetz et al[10], 2012	Cross-sectional	N/A	276	48.9
Penha et al[11], 2015	Retrospective	Senning	21	2.5
Chen et al[12], 2013	Prospective	Pulmonary artery denervation	13	40
Chiu et al[13], 2015	Retrospective	Atrial septostomy	32	23
Bobhate et al[14], 2021	Retrospective	Potts shunt	16	8
Baruteau et al[15], 2012	Retrospective	Potts shunt	8	< 18
Vonvisger et al[16], 2025	Prospective	Web-based meditation	9	N/A
Grady et al[17], 2016	Retrospective	Potts shunt	5	< 18
Lancaster et al[18], 2021	Prospective	Potts shunt	23	10.1
Baruteau et al[19], 2015	Retrospective	Potts shunt	24	8.1
Brown et al[21], 2023	Cross-sectional	N/A	18	53.5
Anand et al[24], 2020	Retrospective	N/A	682	62.1
Ivarsson et al[25], 2016	Qualitative	N/A	17	> 18
Hrustanovic-Kadic et al[26], 2021	Prospective	N/A	49	51.9
Brown et al[27], 2023	Qualitative	N/A	12	48.5
Sandoval et al[29], 2021	Retrospective	Atrial septostomy	34	35
Fenstad et al[30], 2014	Cross-sectional	N/A	79	N/A
Tye et al[32], 2024	Cross-sectional	N/A	84	35

N/A: Not applicable.