Outcome predictors of systemic lupus erythematosus requiring admission to the intensive care unit

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of systemic lupus erythematosus patients admitted to the intensive care unit, n (%)

Parameter	All patients (n = 77)	Survivors (n = 38)	Non-survivors (n = 39)	P value
Age (year), mean ± SD	31.1 (10.3)	31.5 (10.2)	30.8 (10.5)	0.76
Female gender	64 (83.1)	32 (84.2)	32 (82.1)	0.8
Diabetes mellitus	6 (7.8)	3 (7.9)	3 (7.7)	0.98
Hypertension	18 (23.4)	13 (34.2)	5 (12.8)	0.03
Newly diagnosed SLE	18 (23.4)	10 (25.6)	8 (20.5)	0.63
Prior treatment	56 (72.7)	28 (73.7)	28 (71.8)	1.0
Drug defaulter	25 (32.5)	14 (36.9)	11 (28.2)	0.42
Duration of disease, median (IQR) months	12 (1-60)	24 (1-48)	12 (0-72)	0.58
SLEDAI (n = 31), median IQR	25.6 (21.0-30.2)	27.5 (21.2-33.8)	21.6 (15.5-27.7)	0.22
APACHE-II (n = 43), median IQR score	16.3 (14.5-18.2)	15.5 (12.7-18.2)	17.1 (14.5-19.7)	0.37
Lag time, median (IQR) days	3 (0-7)	3 (0-7)	2 (0-7)	0.36
Hemodynamic instability	25 (32.5)	9 (23.7)	16 (41)	0.29
Respiratory failure	36 (46.7)	19 (50)	17 (43.9)	0.65
Status epilepticus	11 (14.3)	8 (21.1)	3 (7.7)	0.11
Low GCS	2 (2.6)	1 (2.6)	1 (2.6)	1.0
Hypertensive urgency	1 (1.3)	0	1 (2.6)	1.0
AKI needing dialysis	1 (1.3)	0	1 (2.6)	1.0
Hematemesis	1 (1.3)	1 (2.6)	0	0.49

All values are percentages unless specified. SLE: Systemic lupus erythematosus; SLEDAI: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index; APACHE-II: Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation score; GCS: Glasgow Coma scale; IQR: Interquartile range; AKI: Acute kidney injury.