Trends of central line-associated bloodstream infections in the intensive care unit in the Kingdom of Bahrain: Four years’ experience

Table 2 The microbiological causes of central line-associated bloodstream infections

Organism	Number (percentage out of total 34), n (%)	MDR organism, n (%)
Gram negative bacteria
Acinetobacter	5 (15)	3 MDR1 (60)
Escherichia coli	4 (12)	1 ESBL (25) 2 CRE (50)
Pseudomonas	4 (12)	2 CRP (50)
Klebsiella	3 (8)	2 CRE (66)
Morganella	1 (3)
Serratia	1 (3)
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia	1 (3)
Total gram negative	19 (56)	10 (53)
Gram positive bacteria
Enterococcus	5 (15)	3 VRE (60)
Coagulase negative Staphylococcus	6 (18)	6 MRCONS (100)
Staphylococcus aureus	2 (5)	1MRSA (50)
Streptococcus viridans	1 (3)
Total gram positive	14 (41)	10 (71)
Candida species	1 (3)
Total	34 (100)	20/34 (59)

¹Multi-drug resistance: Resistant to > 3 classes of antimicrobial.

CRE: Carbapenem resistant enterobacteriasae; ESBL: Extended spectrum B lactamase producer; CRP: Carbapenem resistant pseudomonas; VRE: Vancomycin resistant enterococcus; MRCONS: Methicillin resistant coagulase negative staphylococcus; MRSA: Methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus; MDR: Multi-drug resistance.