Frequency of hepatic steatosis and its association with the pneumonia severity score on chest computed tomography in adult COVID-19 patients

Table 1 Comparison of patient variables in the coronavirus disease 2019-positive and control groups

		COVID-19+, n = 274 (56.5%)	COVID-19−, n = 211 (43.5%)	Total, n = 485	P value
Age (yr)		50.9 ± 10.9	40.4 ± 12.3	46.4 ± 12.7	< 0.001c
Male gender, n (%)		144 (52.6)	113 (53.6)	257 (53.0)	0.450
Hepatic steatosis, n (%)	Presence	112 (40.9)	41 (19.4)	153 (31.5)	< 0.001c
	Absence	162 (58.1)	170 (80.6)	332 (68.5)
Liver's attenuation (HU)		45.7 ± 11.4	53.9 ± 15.9	49.3 ± 14.2	< 0.001c
Comorbidities
Obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2)		45 (16.4)	13 (6.2)	58 (12.0)	0.001b
Overweight (BMI 25–29.9 kg/m2)		153 (55.8)	55 (26.1)	208 (42.9)	< 0.001c
Diabetes mellitus		68 (24.8)	29 (13.7)	97 (20.0)	0.003b
Hypertension		107 (39.1)	37 (17.5)	144 (29.7)	< 0.001c
Cardiac disease		36 (13.1)	23 (10.9)	59 (12.2)	0.455
Chronic lung disease		29 (10.6)	24 (13.7)	53 (10.9)	0.896
No comorbidity1		136 (49.6)	129 (61.1)	265 (54.6)	0.012a
Smoking history		57 (20.8)	56 (26.1)	112 (23.1)	0.110
Alcohol usage		4 (1.5)	4 (1.9)	8 (1.6)	0.709

¹Includes obesity, overweight, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, smoking history, heart and lung diseases.

^aP < 0.05.

^bP < 0.01.

^cP < 0.001.

BMI: Body mass index; COVID-19: Coronavirus disease 2019; HU: Hounsfield unit. Data are means ± SD or n (%).