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©The Author(s) 2026.
World J Immunol. Jan 8, 2026; 16(1): 111511
Published online Jan 8, 2026. doi: 10.5411/wji.v16.i1.111511
Figure 2
Figure 2 Chemical synthesis of zingerone involves condensation of vanillin and acetone and hydrogenation of dihydrozingerone. This method consists of two stages: (1) Production of dihydrozingerone by the condensation of acetone with vanillin in the presence of effective heterogeneous catalysts; and (2) Hydrogenation of dihydrozingerone to form zingerone in the catalytic activity of hydrotalcite (Figure 3).


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