Symptom scores and clinical measures in benign prostatic hyperplasia

Figure 3 Funnel plots. A: Funnel plot for the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS)-quality of life meta-analysis. No significant asymmetry detected (Egger’s P = 0.076; Kendall’s P = 0.233); B: Funnel plot for the prostate volume-IPSS meta-analysis. No evidence of publication bias (Egger’s P = 0.510; Kendall’s P = 0.630); C: Funnel plot for the IPSS-post-void residual meta-analysis. Borderline asymmetry noted (Egger’s P = 0.087; Kendall’s P = 0.218). Fazal et al[12] is a high-Fisher’s-Z outlier consistent with a small-study effect.