Vitamin D therapy in children with inflammatory bowel disease: A systematic review

Table 2 Characteristics of included studies: Vitamin D treatment and evaluating bone health in children with inflammatory bowel disease

Study	N1	Location	Design	Treatment Regimen	Vitamin D levels2		Main study outcome	Disease activity3
					Baseline	Follow-up
Hradsky, 2017	55 (IBD)	Czech Republic	Cohort	2000 IU/d D3	23.2 (17.2, 31.6)	34 (24.4, 38.4)	Effect of vitamin D on trabecular BMD and muscle power	5 (0-10)
Benchimol, 2007	72 (IBD)	North America	Prospective	A: no intervention; B: supplemental calcium or supplemental calcium & 50000 IU/m D2	A: 27.6; B: 22.8 ± 8 or 24.4 ± 6	B: 26.4 ± 6 or 30 ± 12	Effect of vitamin D on lumbar spine BMD	A: 10.6 ± 10.6; B: 16.5 ± 15.7
Leonard, 2016	121 (CD)	United States	RCT	A: 10 min LMMS/d; B: no LMMS (both 600 IU/d D3)	31.5 ± 10.3	34.2 ± 12.4 (12 m); 37.7 ± 15.6 (24 m)4	Effect of LMMS on BMD	< 10:52; 10-30:33; > 30:5
Laakso, 2014	47 (IBD)	Finland	Cohort	Total vitamin D intake: 7.5 (1.6-19.5) μg/d (baseline); 12.6 (1.7-49.2) μg/d (follow-up)	19.6 (8.6, 40.8)	26.8 (10.4, 48)	BMD and BMC	< 10:72; 10-30:23; > 30:4

¹Number of patients recruited (type of disease);

²Serum levels expressed as mean ± SD, mean and interquartile range, or mean;

³Disease activity scores (Pediatric Crohn disease activity index or Pediatric ulcerative colitis disease activity index) at baseline expressed as mean (range), mean ± SD or percentage of patients with score less than 10, 10-30, or > 30;

⁴Calculated in 105 patients who completed the trial. IBD: Inflammatory bowel disease; CD: Crohn disease; UC: Ulcerative colitis; BMD: Bone mineral density; LMMS: Low magnitude mechanical stimulation; BMC: Bone mineral content.