Use of corticosteroids during acute phase of Kawasaki disease

Table 3 Clinical and laboratory variables associated with the unresponsiveness to initial intravenous immunoglobulin treatment

	Risk factors	Ref.
Age	≤ 6-12 mo	[51,52,58]
Sex	Male	[33,61]
Duration of fever	Long duration	[58,69]
Days of illness at initial treatment	≤ 4	[31,33,51,52,58,60,71]
Recurrent Kawasaki disease	Recurrent case	[33]
Principal features/symptoms	Early appearance	[72]
	Polymorphous exanthema	[60]
	Lymphadenopathy	[32]
Other physical findings	Changes around anus	[60]
Brand of IVIG	β-propiolactone	[65,66]
Neutrophil	≥ 80%, or increased	[51,58,60,69,72]
Band form	≥ 20%, or increased	[31,34]
Hemoglobin	Anemia by age, < 10 g/dL	[31,59]
Eosinophil count	High level – good response	[68]
Platelet count	≤ 300 × 103/mm3, or decreased	[51,52,58,72]
	≥ 530 × 103/mm3	[32]
ESR	≥ 75 mm/h, or increased	[32,37]
CRP	≥ 7-10 mg/dL, or increased	[51-53,58-60,69]
Albumin	Lower than normal	[34,61,67]
ALT	≥ 80-84 IU/L	[52,62]
AST	≥ 100-200 IU/L, or increased	[51,53,61,72]
Total bilirubin	≥ 0.9 mg/dL, or increased	[53,62,72]
γGlutamyl transferase	≥ 60 IU/L	[31]
Lactate dehydrogenase	> 590 IU/L	[59]
Sodium	≤ 133 mmol/L	[51]
Imaging studies	Sonographic GB abnormalities	[70]

IVIG: Intravenous immunoglobulin; ESR: Erythrocyte sedimentation rate; CRP: C-reactive protein; NT-proBNP: N-terminal fragment of B-type natriuretic peptide; GB: Gall bladder.