Acute encephalitis and encephalopathy associated with human parvovirus B19 infection in children

Table 2 Clinical manifestations of children with B19 encephalitis and encephalopathy

Case	B19 related symptoms			Neurological manifestations			Complications	Sequelae or death
No.	Fever	Rash	Arthralgia	Unconsciousness	Seizure	Focal neurologic signs
1	+	+	+	+	-	+Neurogenic bladder		Left weakness and clonus
2	+	-	-	+	+	-		Psychomotor retardation
3	+	+	-	+	+	-	Status epilepticus	Epilepsy Mental retardation
4	+	-	-	+	+	-		-
5	+	-	-	+	-	-		Cognitive deficit
6	+	-	-	+	-	+Ataxia		-
7	-	-	-	+	-	-	Multiple organ failure Acute renal failure	Died
8	-	-	-	+	+	-		Cognitive deficit Epilepsy
9	-	-	-	+	-	-		Not determined
10	-	-	-	+	-	+ Right hemiparesis Ataxia		-
11	-	-	-	+	-	-		Cognitive deficit
12	-	-	-	+	-	-		Died
13	-	-	-	+	-	-		Died
14	-	-	-	+	+	+ Right hemiparesis Transient blindness	Acute renal failure Aplastic crisis Acute chest syndrome	-
15	-	-	-	+	+	+ Cortical blindness	Acute renal failure Aplastic crisis Acute chest syndrome	-
16	+	-	-	+	+	+ Focal seizures	Acute renal failure Acute chest syndrome	-
17	+	-	-	+	+	-		-
18	+	-	-	+	+	-	Status epilepticus	Epilepsy
19	-	-	+	+	+	-		-
20	+	-	-	+	+	+ Cerebellar syndrome		Cerebellar syndrome
21	+	+	-	+	+	-		Cerebellar syndrome
22	-	-	+	+	+	-		-
23	-	+	-	+	+	-		-
24	-	-	-	+	-	-	Pancytopenia Liver dysfunction	-
25	-	-	-	+	-	-		Spastic quadriplegia
26	+	-	-	+	-	-	Aplastic crisis	-
27	-	-	-	+	-	+ Chorea		-
28	-	-	-	+	-	+ Chorea		-
29	-	-	-	+	+	+ Left hemiparesis Athetosis		-
30	-	-	-	+	+	+ Left hemiparesis Choreo-athetosis		Global developmental delay
31	+	+	-	+	-	-	Aplastic crisis Pancytopenia	-
32	+	-	-	+	-	-	Aplastic crisis HLH Pancytopenia	-
33	+	-	-	+	-	-	Aplastic crisis HLH Pancytopenia	-
34	+	+	-	+	+	+ Loss of vision	Transient SLE symptoms Hypertension	-

HLH: Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis; SLE: Systemic lupus erythematosus.