Parental involvement for pediatric perioperative anxiety: A systematic review and implementation framework

Table 4 Cochrane RoB 2 assessment of included studies

Ref.	D1	D2	D3	D4	D5	Overall
Yarımoglu et al[19], 2026	Low	Low	Low	Some concerns	Low	Some concerns
Matava et al[18], 2024	Low	Low	High	Low	Low	High
Jain et al[27], 2023	Low	Low	Low	Some concerns	Low	Some concerns
Ismail and Mahrous[28], 2022	Low	Low	Some concerns	Low	Low	Some concerns
Yao et al[29], 2022	Low	Low	Low	Low	Low	Low
Rasti-Emad-Abadi et al[30], 2017	Low	Low	Low	High	High	High
Sadeghi et al[31], 2017	Low	Low	Low	Some concerns	Low	Some concerns
Vagnoli et al[32], 2010	Low	Low	Low	Low	Low	Low
Wright et al[17], 2010	Low	Low	Low	Some concerns	Some concerns	Some concerns
Kain et al[11], 2007	Low	Low	Low	Low	Low	Low
Kain et al[33], 2003	Low	Low	Low	Low	Low	Low
Kain et al[16], 2000	Low	Low	Low	Low	Low	Low

D1: Randomization; D2: Deviations from intended interventions; D3: Missing outcome data; D4: Measurement of outcome; D5: Selection of reported result.