Auxological and pubertal outcomes of children with Kawasaki disease: Experience from Chandigarh, India

Table 1 Gender differences and inter-group comparison of anthropometric variables in male and female children with Kawasaki disease and healthy controls

Anthropometric parameters	Males					Females					Gender differences Z (P value)
	KD		Healthy control		Inter-group differences	KD		Healthy control		Inter-group differences
	mean ± SD	Median (interquartile rage)	mean ± SD	Median (interquartile rage)	Z (P value)	mean ± SD	Median (interquartile rage)	mean ± SD	Median (interquartile rage)	Z (P value)	KD	Controls
Height (cm)	150.25 ± 18.84	145.9 (135.95-167.60)	146.72 ± 15.70	142.90 (132.80-161.90)	0.71 (0.47)	143.78 ± 14.50	145.70 (131.3-157.00)	143.03 ± 8.29	146.90 (136.10-148.60)	0.26 (0.79)	1.18 (0.24)	0.55 (0.58)
HAZ	0.41 ± 1.04	0.59 (0.00-1.01)	-0.04 ± 0.81	-0.15 (-0.60 to 0.27)	2.50 (< 0.01a)	0.11 ± 0.95	0.39 (-0.78 to 0.92)	-0.03 ± 0.92	0.03 (-0.71 to 0.64)	0.50 (0.61)	0.98 (0.32)	0.48 (0.63)
Weight (kg)	43.98 ± 19.76	41.80 (27.40-57.42)	39.36 ± 14.57	34.20 (26.90-50.20)	0.69 (0.48)	38.94 ± 12.88	36.60 (30.00-49.80)	40.28 ± 13.61	35.00 (29.20-57.40)	0.19 (0.84)	0.32 (0.75)	0.45 (0.65)
WAZ	0.23 ± 1.09	0.03 (-0.54 to 1.06)	-0.12 ± 0.89	0.00 (-0.73-0.26)	1.15 (0.24)	0.15 ± 1.11	0.001 (-0.63 to 1.10)	0.26 ± 1.28	0.51 (-1.00 to 1.43)	0.19 (0.84)	0.22 (0.81)	1.07 (0.28)
BMI (kg/m2)	18.60 ± 4.85	17.64 (14.57-21.74)	17.55 ± 3.59	17.14 (14.85-20.39)	0.71 (0.47)	18.33 ± 3.65	18.80 (14.65-20.31)	19.42 ± 5.38	17.24 (14.70-24.90)	0.61 (0.54)	0.13 (0.90)	1.19 (0.23)
BMI (Z-score)	0.03 ± 1.22	-0.09 (-1.03 to 1.10)	-0.18 ± 0.99	-0.04 (-0.86 to 0.45)	0.76 (0.44)	0.14 ± 1.13	-0.05 (-0.63 to 1.28)	0.31 ± 1.44	0.27 (-1.22 to 2.09)	0.46 (0.64)	0.36 (0.71)	1.27 (0.20)
Triceps skinfold thickness (Z-score)	0.01 ± 0.94	-0.76 (-0.69 to 0.91)	0.02 ± 1.05	0.009 (-0.75 to 0.98)	0.18 (0.85)	0.21 ± 1.28	0.36 (-0.67 to 1.38)	-0.24 ± 1.15	-0.42 (-1.00 to 0.54)	1.12 (0.26)	0.75 (0.45)	0.95 (0.34)
Triceps skinfold thickness (mm)	11.73 ± 5.47	9.80 (7.45-17.00)	12.12 ± 5.66	11.00 (7.2-18)	0.20 (0.84)	15.57 ± 6.95	14.20 (10.60-23.00)	12.98 ± 5.77	11.2 (8.4-19.00)	1.04 (0.29)	1.77 (0.07)	0.81 (0.41)
Subscapular skinfold thickness (mm)	10.83 ± 6.66	8.20 (6.30-15.35)	10.81 ± 6.83	8.4 (5.6-14.00)	0.17 (0.86)	15.28 ± 8.38	12.20 (7.40-23.60)	12.71 ± 8.27	9.4 (7.4-15.00)	0.83 (0.45)	1.83 (0.06)	1.25 (0.21)
Waist circumference (cm)	65.32 ± 13.86	62.65 (53.38-75.57)	63.04 ± 10.84	60.00 (54-71.70)	0.36 (0.71)	62.61 ± 8.32	60.60 (57.20-69.00)	60.01 ± 8.37	57.45 (54.88-63.50)	1.08 (0.27)	0.28 (0.77)	0.68 (0.49)
Waist circumference (Z-score)	-1.2 ± 1.62	-1.56 (-2.63 to 0.21)	-1.40 ± 1.47	-0.38 (-2.64 to -0.51)	0.24 (0.80)	-1.38 ± 1.32	-1.15 (-2.58 to -0.37)	-1.87 ± 1.58	-2.01 (-3.18 to -0.81)	1.04 (0.29)	0.16 (0.87)	0.94 (0.34)
Hip circumference (cm)	74.95 ± 13.99	74.80 (62.62-83.62)	70.54 ± 10.72	67.25 (63.12-78.00)	1.24 (0.21)	77.88 ± 13.23	79.00 (68.30-89.00)	73.82 ± 11.01	71.00 (65.97-80.25)	0.95 (0.33)	0.81 (0.41)	1.23 (0.21)
Waist-hip ratio	0.87 ± 0.06	0.87 (0.82-0.90)	0.88 ± 0.05	0.88 (0.84-0.93)	0.94 (0.34)	0.81 ± 0.06	0.82 (0.76-0.85)	0.81 ± 0.05	0.82 (0.78-0.85)	0.03 (0.97)	2.57 (< 0.01a)	3.60 (< 0.001b)

^aP < 0.01.

^bP < 0.001.

HAZ: Height-for age Z-score; WAZ: Weight-for-age Z-score; BMI: Body mass index; KD: Kawasaki disease.