Psychobiotics in pediatric autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review of efficacy, mechanisms, and clinical translation

doi:10.5409/wjcp.121115

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World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics

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2219-2808

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

World J Clin Pediatr. Dec 9, 2026; 15(4): 121115
Published online Dec 9, 2026. doi: 10.5409/wjcp.121115

Table 11 Overall quantitative synthesis of fecal microbiota transplantation effects on autism spectrum disorder core symptoms and gastrointestinal manifestations

Outcome	Number of studies	Total participants	Pooled SMD	Interpretation
GSRS	2	37	-2.71	Very large GI improvement
CARS	3	135	-1.60	Large improvement in ASD severity
ABC	2	116	-3.00	Very large behavioral improvement
SRS	3	135	-4.06	Very large improvement in social responsiveness

GI: Gastrointestinal; ASD: Autism spectrum disorder; ABC: Aberrant Behavior Checklist; CARS: Childhood Autism Rating Scale; GSRS: Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale; SMD: Standardized mean difference; SRS: Social Responsiveness Scale.

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Citation: Al-Beltagi M, Saeed NK, Elbeltagi YM. Psychobiotics in pediatric autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review of efficacy, mechanisms, and clinical translation. World J Clin Pediatr 2026; 15(4): 121115
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2219-2808/full/v15/i4/121115.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5409/wjcp.121115

Al-Beltagi M, Saeed NK, Elbeltagi YM. Psychobiotics in pediatric autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review of efficacy, mechanisms, and clinical translation. World J Clin Pediatr 2026; 15(4): 121115 [DOI: 10.5409/wjcp.121115]

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